%PDF-1.4
%
1 0 obj
<<
/Type /Page
/Parent 31 0 R
/Resources << /ColorSpace << /CS0 114 0 R /CS1 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS0 116 0 R /GS1 128 0 R >>
/Font << /TT0 123 0 R /TT1 120 0 R /TT2 117 0 R >> /XObject << /Fm0 139 0 R >>
/ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >>
/Contents 3 1 R
/MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/Rotate 0
>>
endobj
2 1 obj
<<
/S /GoTo
/D [ 46 0 R /FitH 792 ]
>>
endobj
3 1 obj
<< /Length 140 0 R >>
stream
/CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn
1 i
/RelativeColorimetric ri
/GS0 gs
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
10.02 0 0 10.02 54 746.8201 Tm
( )Tj
1.2216 -70.7066 Td
( )Tj
0.0001 Tc 0.2709 Tw 0 67.1138 TD
[(The a)7(p)-3(proach foc)7(u)-3(ses)6( on a)7(n)-3( interacti)9(v)-3(e )6(defi)9(nition )6(of )]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.1951 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(ev)-5(alu)-5(a)-1(tion)-5( scen)-5(ar)-4(i)6(o)-5(s thro)-5(ugh in)-5(cr)-4(em)9(en)-5(tal ref)-4(in)-5(e)-1(m)9(e)-1(n)-5(t o)-5(f)2( )6(a)-7( )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.4402 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(fun)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-1(l sp)-5(ecificatio)-5(n)-5( to)-5( )6(id)-5(en)-5(tify con)-5(t)1(ro)-5(l flow p)-5(a)-1(t)7(h)-5(s )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.1559 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(cor)5(r)-1(es)7(po)4(n)4(d)-2(i)4(n)4(g t)4(o)-2( t)4(y)4(pi)4(cal)4( case beha)8(vi)4(o)4(r)-1(s. T)7(h)4(i)4(s)1( chal)4(l)4(e)2(ngi)10(ng)4( )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.0852 Tw T*
[(task is assisted by a se)-5(m)12(i)3(-aut)]TJ
0 Tc 0.0853 Tw 11.9401 0 Td
[(om)11(ated technique that can be )]TJ
0.0017 Tc 0.8621 Tw -11.9401 -1.1437 Td
[(appl)4(i)4(e)2(d si)4(m)13(u)-1(l)4(t)4(a)2(neou)5(sl)4(y)5( t)4(o)-1( soft)4(wa)8(re and )6(har)5(d)-1(wa)8(re)8( )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 0.0131 Tw T*
[(com)12(pone)7(nts. F)6(r)-2(om)12( each evaluation scena)7(r)-2(io, a pseudo-trace)7( )]TJ
-0.0017 Tc 0.1948 Tw T*
[(is statica)-7(lly)-5( g)-5(e)-1(n)-5(e)-1(rated)-5(,)-3( and)-5( )]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.1951 Tw 11.6228 0 Td
[(pertin)-5(en)-5(t arch)-5(it)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.1933 Tw 6.2635 0 Td
[(ecture features)6( )]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.0813 Tw -17.8862 -1.1437 Td
[(are d)-5(istilled)-5( in)-5(to)-5( o)-5(p)1(eration)-5( ex)-5(ecu)-5(tion)-5( co)-5(sts th)-5(at are u)-5(s)-2(ed)-5( to )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.002 Tw T*
[(estim)11(ate an execution tim)11(e. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0001 Tc 0.3499 Tw 12 0 0 12 54 593.82 Tm
[(2. Related )350(Work )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0004 Tc 0.1568 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 582.0601 Tm
[(Design space )6(expl)9(oration res)6(ear)]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.157 Tw 13.2036 0 Td
[(ch ca)7(n be )6(classified as )]TJ
0.0017 Tc 0.0237 Tw -14.4251 -1.1497 Td
[(add)5(r)-1(essi)10(ng a)8(s)2(p)5(ect)4(s of )6(re)8(prese)8(n)-1(t)4(a)2(t)4(i)4(on,)6( est)4(i)4(m)13(at)4(i)4(on, a)8(n)5(d e)8(xpl)10(o)5(-)]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.2909 Tw T*
[(r)-4(a)-1(tio)-5(n)-5( al)6(g)-5(o)1(r)-4(ithm)9(s)-2( )287([)-4(1)-5(1)-5(])2(. Ou)-5(r)-4( )6(p)-5(r)2(op)-5(o)-5(s)-2(ed)-5( techn)-5(iqu)-5(e suppo)-5(r)-4(t)6(s )]TJ
0.002 Tc 0.0833 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(est)4(i)-2(m)13(a)3(ti)4(on by)5( pr)6(o)5(v)-1(i)4(d)-1(i)4(n)5(g a ra)9(pi)4(d pe)9(rf)6(orm)13(a)3(n)5(ce eval)4(uat)4(i)4(on )6(of )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.4973 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(com)13(pone)8(nt)4(-)5(b)-2(as)7(ed a)8(r)-1(chi)4(t)4(ect)4(u)4(r)5(es sui)4(t)4(a)8(bl)4(e f)5(o)-2(r)5( use)8( i)4(n)4( a)8(n)-2( )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.0029 Tw T*
[(ex)-4(istin)-4(g fram)10(e)-7(w)-4(ork th)-4(at )6(g)-4(e)5(n)-4(e)5(ra)]TJ
-0.0009 Tc 0.0024 Tw 12.4431 0 Td
[(tes candidate arc)6(h)-4(itectures. )6( )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.1633 Tw -11.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(Many perform)11(ance estim)11(ation t)]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.1575 Tw 13.0419 0 Td
[(echniques used )-6(in real-)]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.0193 Tw -14.2635 -1.1497 Td
[(tim)12(e)1( syste)-5(m)6(s a)-5(r)-2(e base)7(d )6(on a c)7(o)-3(urse)7(-graine)7(d)-3( )6(m)12(odel in whic)7(h )]TJ
0.3965 Tw T*
[(the atom)12(ic ele)-5(m)12(ent is a soft)9(ware )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0021 Tc 0 Tw 15.515 0 Td
[(pr)8(oce)9(s)2(s)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0002 Tc 0.3965 Tw 3.0479 0 Td
[(. T)6(h)-3(is w)4(o)3(r)4(k)-3( )]TJ
-0.0012 Tc 0.4099 Tw -18.5629 -1.1437 Td
[(co)-4(nsid)-4(ers a lo)-4(wer lev)-4(el of d)-4(etail, e.g)-4(.)-3( )6(in)-4(stru)-4(ction)-4(s)-1( )6(or )]TJ
0.0019 Tc -0.0004 Tw T*
[(ope)9(rat)4(i)4(o)5(ns. )]TJ
-0.0021 Tc 0.5365 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(W)-10(it)6(h)-5(in)-5( th)-5(is )6(scop)-5(e of)-4( r)-4(e)-1(l)6(a)-1(ted)-5( wo)-5(rk)-5(, t)6(h)-5(e pr)-4(opo)-5(sed)-5( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0376 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(perform)11(a)1(nce evaluation technique )]TJ
-0.0015 Tc 0.0389 Tw 13.9461 0 Td
[(is n)-4(o)2(v)-4(e)-1(l )6(in)-4( th)-4(e sen)-4(s)-2(e that)-5( )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0257 Tw -13.9461 -1.1497 Td
[(it is)-6( an abstract, static )-6(m)11(odel )-6(that reports a value for )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0011 Tc 0 Tw 21.2156 0 Td
[(typ)-4(i)1(ca)-4(l)7( )]TJ
0.0006 Tc -21.2156 -1.1497 Td
(case)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0003 Tc 0.5701 Tw 1.7784 0 Td
[( operation \(som)12(etim)12(es)-6( )-6(called )-6(a)7(n)-3( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0014 Tc 0 Tw 15.8084 0 Td
[(aver)7(age)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0002 Tc 0.0017 Tw 3.2156 0 Td
[( )-575(case\). )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.3775 Tw -20.8024 -1.1437 Td
[(Gene)8(ral)4(l)4(y)4(, st)4(at)4(i)4(c)2( )-6(m)13(odel)4(s)1( ha)8(ve )6(been)4( use)8(d)4( t)4(o)-2( )6(det)4(e)2(rm)13(i)4(n)-2(e )]TJ
0.2877 Tw T*
[(bo)4(u)4(nds )6(o)4(n)-2( pe)8(rf)5(orm)13(a)2(nce, an)4(d m)13(o)-2(st)4( est)4(i)-2(m)7(a)-4(t)4(e)2(s t)4(h)-2(at)4( ret)4(u)-2(r)5(n)4( )]TJ
-0.0006 Tc -0.0039 Tw T*
[(typical )-6(values are based )-6(on dynamic )-12(m)11(odels. )]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0.5029 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(St)4(at)4(i)4(c)2(, abst)4(rac)8(t)4( perf)5(orm)13(a)2(nce)8( est)4(i)-2(m)13(a)-4(t)4(i)4(on m)13(odel)4(s)2( are )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 0.4742 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(prese)7(n)-3(t in codesign m)12(e)1(thodol)]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.475 Tw 13.1557 0 Td
(ogies to facilitate quick )Tj
0.0017 Tc 0.0597 Tw -13.1557 -1.1437 Td
[(com)13(put)4(at)4(i)4(on,)6( e)8(.g.)6( P)7(O)-1(LI)5(S [)5(1)5(5])5(, C)4(O)-1(S)7(Y)-1(M)11(A)-1( [)5(1)5(])5(, an)5(d T)8(O)-1(SC)4(A)5( )]TJ
0.0005 Tc 0.007 Tw T*
[([1]. )6(Thes)6(e e)7(nvi)9(ronm)12(ents rely )6(upon a)7( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.001 Tc 0 Tw 14.7485 0 Td
(restricted)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0006 Tc 0.0081 Tw 3.8263 0 Td
[( s)5(p)-4(ecification )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.1558 Tw -18.5749 -1.1497 Td
[(l)4(a)2(ng)4(uage)8(, )6(whi)10(c)2(h i)4(s)1( )6(bi)4(ased)4( t)4(o)-2(wa)8(r)5(d)-2(s a c)8(u)-2(st)10(om)13(-speci)4(fi)4(ed )6(\()5(o)-2(r)5( )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.2335 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(gene)8(rat)4(i)4(v)-1(e)8(\))-1( )6(de)8(si)4(gn)5( ap)5(pr)5(oac)8(h)-1(,)6( rat)4(h)-1(e)8(r)-1( t)10(h)-1(an)5( t)4(h)-1(e c)8(o)-1(m)13(pone)8(nt)10(-)]TJ
0.0017 Tc -0.0002 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(base)8(d a)8(p)-1(p)5(r)-1(oac)8(h)-1( )6(use)8(d)-1( i)4(n)5( o)5(u)-1(r)5( t)4(echni)10(que)8(. )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.1513 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(Seve)7(ral performance estim)11(a)-5(tion techniques)6( use a )-6(m)11(o)-3(re )]TJ
-0.0017 Tc 0.087 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(d)-5(e)-1(tailed)-5(,)-3( static an)-5(alysis m)10(o)-5(d)-5(e)-1(l to)-5( con)-5(s)-2(erv)-5(a)-1(ti)7(v)-5(e)-1(ly esti)-5(m)10(a)-1(te )-6(a )]TJ
0.0017 Tc 0.0297 Tw T*
[(per)5(f)-1(o)5(r)-1(m)13(a)2(nce b)5(o)-1(u)5(n)5(d)-1(, )6(e.)6(g. t)10(h)-1(e t)10(ool)10( C)4(i)4(nde)8(rel)4(l)4(a)2( )6([9])5( i)4(m)13(pl)4(em)13(ent)4(s)-4( )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.3444 Tw T*
[(a static an)-5(alysis tech)-5(n)-5(i)7(q)-5(u)-5(e)5( )6(th)-5(at i)-5(m)10(p)-5(licitl)-5(y)-5( con)-5(s)-2(id)-5(ers all )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.1979 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(pos)7(si)4(bl)4(e e)8(x)-2(ecu)4(t)4(i)4(on )6(pat)4(h)-2(s t)10(o)-2( f)5(i)4(nd t)10(h)-2(e ext)10(r)-1(e)8(m)7(e basi)4(c bl)4(oc)8(k)4( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0137 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
(execution counts. The execution )Tj
-0.0001 Tc 13.2335 0 Td
[(tim)11(e)-5( of each basic block is )]TJ
0.0017 Tc -0.0002 Tw -13.2335 -1.1497 Td
[(deri)10(ved)5( f)5(r)-1(om)13( d)5(a)2(t)4(a)2(bo)5(ok)5( val)10(u)-1(es)8(. )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.0662 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(Dy)4(nam)13(i)4(c estim)7(at)4(i)4(on t)4(echni)4(q)4(u)-2(es are esse)8(nt)4(i)4(a)2(l)4(l)4(y)4( based on)4( )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.3594 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(a sim)13(u)-2(l)4(a)2(t)4(i)4(on of a sy)4(st)4(em)13(, fr)5(om)13( whi)4(c)2(h p)4(e)2(rf)5(or)5(m)13(a)2(nce i)4(s)-5( )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.2952 Tw T*
(measured, e.g. Ptol)Tj
-0.0002 Tc 8.2156 0 Td
[(em)11(y [10][16]. Suc)7(h)-3( a)7(p)-3(proaches)6( are)7( )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.145 Tw -8.2156 -1.1437 Td
[(poorly )-6(suited for desi)9(gn )-6(spac)]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.1457 Tw 12.1317 0 Td
[(e )-6(exploration because of )-6(t)8(h)-3(e )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.2874 Tw -12.1317 -1.1497 Td
[(need)5( t)4(o)-1( c)8(o)5(nst)10(r)-1(uct)4( a)8( vi)4(rt)10(ual)10( sy)5(st)4(em)13(, t)4(h)-1(e )6(han)5(d)-1( c)8(o)5(di)4(n)5(g)-1( )6(of )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0018 Tw T*
[(abstract m)11(odel)8(s, or t)8(h)-3(e tim)11(e requi)8(red for simulation. )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.1271 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(A )-6(few recent publications ha)]TJ
-0.001 Tc 0.1342 Tw 12.012 0 Td
[(ve similarly r)-9(eported esti-)]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.5273 Tw -13.2335 -1.1497 Td
[(m)7(a)2(t)4(e)2(s for a)8( t)4(y)4(pi)4(cal)4( case base)8(d )6(on a)8( st)4(at)4(i)4(c)2( )-6(m)13(odel)4(.)6( )]TJ
-0.0015 Tc 0.0689 Tw T*
[(Gup)-4(t)1(a )66(et )66(al. )6(p)-4(r)2(o)-4(p)2(o)-4(s)-2(ed)-4( a static )-6(m)10(o)-4(d)-4(e)-1(l g)-4(e)5(n)-4(e)-1(rat)7(e)-1(d)-4( b)-4(y)2( pro)-4(f)-4(iling)-4( )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.2275 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(a )-6(p)5(r)-1(o)5(g)-1(ram)13( )-6(an)5(d rel)4(y)5(i)4(ng o)5(n)-1( dat)4(a)2(b)5(o)-1(o)5(k)-1( val)10(u)5(es )-6(t)4(o)-1( det)4(e)2(rm)13(i)4(n)-1(e )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.2218 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(ope)8(rat)4(i)4(o)4(n co)4(st)4(s [6])5(. )6(Lahi)10(ri)4( et)4( al)4(. foc)8(u)-2(s )6(o)4(n)4( bu)4(s com)7(m)13(un)4(-)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0676 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(ication )6(using a)7( previ)8(o)-3(usly cap)]TJ
-0.0009 Tc 0.0683 Tw 12.1856 0 Td
[(tured exec)6(uti)8(o)-4(n trace )72([8], )6(but )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.5631 Tw -12.1856 -1.1497 Td
[(do )6(n)4(o)-2(t)4( co)4(nsi)10(d)-2(er )6(ot)4(he)8(r a)8(r)5(chi)4(t)4(ect)4(ure )6(fea)8(t)4(ures s)7(u)-2(c)8(h)-2( a)8(s)-5( )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.0004 Tw 26.3713 63.3473 Td
[(vari)4(at)4(i)4(o)4(ns i)4(n)-2( t)10(h)4(e co)4(nfi)4(g)4(u)4(r)-1(at)4(i)4(o)-2(n)4( of )6(b)4(u)-2(sses a)8(n)4(d )6(m)7(e)-4(m)13(o)-2(ri)4(es. The)8( )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.2098 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(abst)4(ract)4( s-)5(gra)8(p)4(h re)8(prese)8(n)-2(t)4(a)2(t)4(i)4(o)4(n i)4(n)-2( P)7(O)-1(LI)5(S c)8(a)2(n be )6(use)8(d)-2( t)4(o)-2( )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.5897 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(esti)-5(m)10(a)-1(te)-7( typ)-4(i)-5(cal v)-4(a)-1(lu)-4(es, )6(wh)-4(ere profilin)-4(g)-4( is u)-4(s)-1(ed)-4( )6(to)-10( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0017 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(determ)11(ine the typical case pat)8(h)]TJ
-0.0025 Tc 0.004 Tw 12.3653 0 Td
[( thro)-5(ugh)-5( th)-5(e gr)-5(aph)-5(s)-3( )6([1)-5(5)-5(])1(. )]TJ
-0.0026 Tc 0.064 Tw -11.1437 -1.1497 Td
[(Tho)-6(ugh)-6( th)-6(ese )6(ap)-6(pro)]TJ
-0.0013 Tc 0.0627 Tw 8.0479 0 Td
[(ach)-4(es operate on)-4( static )6(m)10(o)-4(d)-4(e)-1(ls, th)-4(ey)-4( )]TJ
-0.0015 Tc 0.1707 Tw -9.2695 -1.1437 Td
[(all req)-4(u)-4(i)1(re an)-4( in)-4(itial d)-4(y)2(n)-4(a)-7(m)10(i)-5(c an)-4(alysis to)-4( ch)-4(aracterize th)-4(e )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.0121 Tw T*
[(fu)4(nct)4(i)4(o)4(nal)4( )-6(p)4(a)2(t)4(h)4(s. )-6(I)5(n)4( )-6(co)4(nt)4(rast)4(,)6( ou)4(r p)4(r)-1(o)4(p)4(o)-2(sed t)10(echni)10(que assi)4(st)10(s )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.1873 Tw T*
[(a desi)8(gne)7(r i)8(n)-3( )6(the s)6(p)-3(ecification of t)8(h)-3(e e)7(v)-3(al)8(uation sce)7(n)-3(ari)8(o)-3( )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.0002 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(usi)4(n)4(g )6(o)4(n)-2(l)4(y)4( st)4(at)4(ic m)13(odel)4(s)1(. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0 Tc 0.35 Tw 12 0 0 12 318.24 602.34 Tm
(3. Background )Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0009 Tc 0.1802 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 590.52 Tm
[(Com)12(pone)8(nt-ba)8(s)1(ed desi)9(gn is a com)6(m)12(on topic in recent)9( )]TJ
0.0007 Tc 0.2703 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(literature, )6(but)9( the term)12( \223com)12(pone)7(nt\224 us)7(ually im)12(plies )-6(a )]TJ
0.0847 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(soft)9(ware m)12(e)-5(mber and treats ha)]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.085 Tw 12.6048 0 Td
[(rdware as a fixe)7(d exec)7(ution )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.042 Tw -12.6048 -1.1497 Td
[(platfo)4(rm)13( [2])5([)-1(5])5([1)4(4])5(. This )6(pap)4(e)2(r uses )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0034 Tc 0 Tw 14.8683 0 Td
[(co)-6(mpon)-6(en)-6(t)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0006 Tc 0.044 Tw 4.3772 0 Td
[( to)-4( )6(d)-4(escri)8(be )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.4148 Tw -19.2455 -1.1437 Td
[(hardware )6(or )6(soft)8(ware)7( m)11(e)-5(mbers)6( whose s)6(p)-3(ecification is)6( )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.7995 Tw T*
[(f)-4(i)1(x)-5(e)5(d)-5(,)-3( tho)-5(ugh p)-5(o)-5(ssi)7(b)-5(l)1(y p)-5(a)-1(r)-4(a)-1(m)10(e)-1(ter)-4(i)1(zed)-5(. O)-4(u)1(r)-4( p)-5(r)-4(ecise )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 0.2167 Tw T*
[(defi)9(nition of c)7(o)-3(m)12(pone)7(nt is deferred )6(until the features of )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0017 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(architecture re)7(prese)7(n)-3(tation are explaine)7(d. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0006 Tc 0.4051 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 318.24 494.5197 Tm
[(3.1 Representati)-6(on )404(Model )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0019 Tc 0.1852 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 482.88 Tm
[(To s)8(u)-1(p)5(p)5(o)-1(rt)4( t)10(h)5(e pr)6(o)5(pos)8(ed e)9(v)5(al)4(uat)4(i)4(on m)13(ode)9(l)4(, a m)7(i)4(nim)13(a)-3(l )]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.231 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(represen)-5(tatio)-5(n m)9(o)-5(d)-5(e)-1(l is d)-5(e)-1(scrib)-5(e)5(d)-5(.)-3( )6(An)-5( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0003 Tc 0 Tw 16.491 0 Td
[(ar)6(chitecture)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.003 Tc 0.232 Tw 4.8802 0 Td
( is an )Tj
0.0002 Tc 0.1809 Tw -21.3713 -1.1437 Td
[(abstract repres)6(entation of )-6(a de)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.1873 Tw 12.7186 0 Td
[(sign t)8(h)-3(at is )6(expresse)7(d as)6( a )]TJ
0.0021 Tc 0.0233 Tw -12.7186 -1.1497 Td
[(t)5(o)-1(p)5(o)-1(l)5(o)5(gy)5( or co)5(nfi)11(g)-1(u)5(rat)5(i)5(on )6(of )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.0259 Tw 11.7006 0 Td
[(subsystem)11(s)-1(. A)-9(n)-3( architecture is )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.4226 Tw -11.7006 -1.1437 Td
[(d)-5(eco)-5(m)10(p)-5(o)-5(s)-2(ed)-5( i)7(n)-5(to)-5( two)-5( )6(d)-5(i)1(stin)-5(ct, bu)-5(t relat)7(e)-1(d)-5(,)-3( topo)-5(log)-5(i)1(es:)-5( )]TJ
0.001 Tc 0.0005 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(fu)4(nct)3(i)3(o)4(nal)3( an)4(d )6(st)3(ruct)3(u)4(r)-1(al)3(. )]TJ
0.7131 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
(In a )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0019 Tc 0.716 Tw 3.2096 0 Td
[(fun)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-5(l)1( arch)-5(itectu)-5(r)-2(e)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0014 Tc 0.7155 Tw 9.8922 0 Td
[(, su)-4(bsystem)10(s)-7( sp)-4(ecif)-4(y)2( )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.4166 Tw -14.3234 -1.1437 Td
[(fun)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-1(lity an)-5(d conn)-5(ection)-5(s)-2( i)7(n)-5(d)-5(i)1(cate )6(flo)-5(w)2( of con)-5(t)1(rol)-5( )]TJ
-0.0028 Tc 0.2498 Tw T*
[(lin)-6(k)-6(a)-2(g)-6(e)4(. Fo)-6(r co)-6(nv)-6(en)-6(ien)-6(ce, a sub)-6(s)-3(ystem)9( )-6(in)-6( th)-6(e fu)-6(nctio)-6(n)-6(a)4(l)-6( )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.0679 Tw T*
(architecture is called a )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0028 Tc 0 Tw 9.4731 0 Td
[(mo)6(dul)11(e)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0008 Tc 0.0682 Tw 2.9401 0 Td
[(. The functional architecture)-6( )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.665 Tw -12.4132 -1.1437 Td
[(speci)4(fi)4(es a )6(set)4( of \()5(p)4(oss)7(i)4(bl)4(y)4(\))-1( co)4(ncu)4(r)-1(r)5(e)2(nt)4(, se)8(que)8(nt)4(i)4(a)2(l)4( )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.0852 Tw T*
[(processes)6(,)-1( )6(whe)7(r)-2(e eac)7(h proces)6(s is speci)9(fied )6(by one )6(or m)12(o)-3(re )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.1329 Tw T*
[(m)12(odules. )6(W)-8(e)1( )6(assum)12(e)1( each m)12(odule is organized as )6(one )6(or )]TJ
-0.0114 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(mo)-14(r)-14(e)-11( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0009 Tc 2.3593 0 Td
[(proced)4(ur)7(es)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0001 Tc 0.0613 Tw 4.497 0 Td
[(, and each procedure is spe)7(c)1(ified using a)7(n)-3( )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.1091 Tw -6.8563 -1.1497 Td
[(im)12(perative langua)7(ge, i.e. as )6(a sequence)7( of )6(ope)7(rations. T)6(h)3(e )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0026 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(ope)9(rat)5(i)5(o)6(ns)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0015 Tc 0.0509 Tw 4.2755 0 Td
[( are )6(th)-4(e primitiv)-4(es o)-4(f)-4( )6(fun)-4(c)-1(tion)-4(a)-1(lity, an)-4(d)-4( t)7(h)-4(e lev)-4(e)5(l)-5( )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.2774 Tw -4.2755 -1.1437 Td
[(of abst)8(raction can va)6(ry form)]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.2772 Tw 12.4012 0 Td
[( source c)6(ode operations)6( to )]TJ
0.0005 Tc 0.1567 Tw -12.4012 -1.1497 Td
[(assem)12(b)-2(ly)4( )-6(instruction)4(s o)4(r)-2( their ha)7(rd)4(ware c)7(o)4(unte)7(r)-2(pa)7(rts. T)7(h)4(e )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.0061 Tw T*
[(exam)13(pl)4(e funct)4(i)10(onal)4( a)8(r)-1(chi)4(t)4(ect)4(u)4(r)-1(e i)4(n)-2( Fi)10(gu)4(re )12(1\()5(a\) dem)13(onst)4(r)-1(at)4(e)8(s)1( )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.1577 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(a single software )6(process s)5(p)3(eci)]TJ
-0.0013 Tc 0.1585 Tw 12.9281 0 Td
[(fied)-4( )6(with)-4( sev)-4(e)-1(ral m)10(o)-4(du)-4(les. )156( )]TJ
0.0008 Tc 0.0426 Tw -12.9281 -1.1497 Td
[(The c)8(o)4(nnect)3(i)9(o)4(ns )6(bet)3(w)-2(ee)8(n)4( t)3(h)-2(e)8( m)12(odul)3(es,)5( t)3(h)-2(e )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0084 Tc 0 Tw 17.4611 0 Td
[(li)-6(n)-11(k)-8(a)-5(g)-11(e)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0042 Tc 0.0476 Tw 2.9341 0 Td
[(, exp)-7(r)-6(ess)-10( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0256 Tw -20.3952 -1.1497 Td
[(call/return cont)8(rol flow relatio)]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.0243 Tw 12.1377 0 Td
[(nshi)10(ps. A m)13(odule desc)8(ribi)10(ng)-8( )]TJ
-0.0012 Tc 0.0266 Tw -12.1377 -1.1437 Td
[(a sep)-4(arate )6(h)-4(ardware )6(p)-4(r)3(o)-4(cess, l)7(ab)-4(eled)-4( \223I/O Fun)-4(ctio)-4(n)-4(ality\224, is )]TJ
0.0009 Tc 0.5275 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(al)3(so s)7(h)-2(o)4(w)5(n. )6(The i)3(m)12(port)3(a)2(n)4(t)3( aspect)3( o)4(f)-1( )6(t)3(h)-2(e f)5(unct)3(i)9(onal)9( )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.014 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(architecture is )6(that flow of c)6(o)]TJ
0.0018 Tc 0.0117 Tw 11.7844 0 Td
[(nt)4(r)6(o)-1(l)4( can )6(be f)6(o)-1(l)10(l)4(owe)9(d)-1( bet)10(w)-1(een )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0 Tw -11.7844 -1.1497 Td
[(m)13(odul)4(es an)5(d a)8(c)2(ross)7( t)4(h)-1(e)8( ha)8(rd)5(ware)8(-s)7(oft)4(w)-1(a)8(r)-1(e )6(i)4(n)-1(t)4(e)2(rface)8(. )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
(The )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0011 Tc 0.1321 Tw 1.9401 0 Td
[(st)4(ruct)10(ur)7(al)4( archi)4(t)4(ect)4(ure)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0023 Tc 0.1355 Tw 9.2036 0 Td
[( co)-5(n)-5(s)-2(ists )6(o)-5(f)-5( sub)-5(s)4(yste)-8(m)9(s)-2( th)-5(at)-6( )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.4732 Tw -12.3653 -1.1437 Td
[(sup)4(p)4(o)-2(rt)4( exec)8(u)4(t)4(i)4(on o)4(f)-1( op)4(era)8(t)4(i)4(ons an)4(d co)4(nnect)4(i)4(o)4(ns t)4(h)-2(at)10( )]TJ
-0.0021 Tc 0.4407 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(represen)-5(t co)-5(mm)9(u)-5(n)-5(icatio)-5(n)-5( p)-5(a)5(th)]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.44 Tw 12.9641 0 Td
[(s. Primitiv)-10(e su)-4(bsystem)10(s)-7( )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.4744 Tw -12.9641 -1.1497 Td
[(represe)7(n)-3(t the)7( basic st)9(ruct)9(ur)]TJ
-0.0009 Tc 0.4754 Tw 12.1497 0 Td
[(al elem)11(ents, sim)11(p)-4(ly calle)-6(d )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0005 Tc 0 Tw -12.1497 -1.1437 Td
(elements)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0031 Tc 0.4118 Tw 3.497 0 Td
[(. O)-5(t)5(her)-5( su)-6(bsyste)-8(m)8(s)-3( m)8(a)-8(y r)-5(e)-2(pr)-5(esen)-6(t h)-6(i)-1(er)-5(ar)-5(ch)-6(ical)-7( )]TJ
-0.0021 Tc 0.279 Tw -3.497 -1.1497 Td
[(ag)-5(gr)-4(eg)-5(atio)-5(n. Li)-6(m)9(it)-6(in)-5(g)-5( th)-5(e t)6(a)-1(x)-5(ono)-5(m)9(y)1( )-6(to)-5( th)-5(e pr)-4(ob)-5(lem)9( at)-12( )]TJ
-0.0018 Tc 0.1889 Tw T*
[(h)-5(a)-1(nd)-5(, )6(so)-5(m)10(e)-1( el)-5(e)-7(m)10(en)-5(ts )-6(m)10(a)-1(y p)-5(r)-4(ov)-5(id)-5(e an)-5( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0003 Tc 0.1808 Tw 16.1796 0 Td
[(exe)7(cution resourc)7(e)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 7.7485 0 Td
( )Tj
0.0015 Tc 0.012 Tw -23.9281 -1.1437 Td
[(and/)10(or a )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 0.0135 Tw 3.521 0 Td
[(stor)6(age resource)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0006 Tc 0.0129 Tw 6.7545 0 Td
[( )6(\(o)4(r)4( neither)4(\). )6(In)4( ge)7(neral, elem)12(ents )]TJ
-0.0023 Tc 0.2852 Tw -10.2755 -1.1497 Td
[(with)-5( m)9(u)-5(ltip)-5(le)-8( co)-5(nn)-5(ection)-5(s)-2( )6(p)-5(r)1(ov)-5(id)-5(e an)-5( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0018 Tc 0 Tw 16.527 0 Td
[(in)-5(t)7(e)-1(rfa)-5(c)-1(e)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0012 Tc 0.2817 Tw 3.5449 0 Td
[( bet)10(w)-1(ee)8(n )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.7617 Tw -20.0719 -1.1497 Td
[(these va)7(rious)6( comm)12(unication )]TJ
0.7557 Tw 14.2335 0 Td
[(paths)6(.)-1( The )-6(struct)9(ura)7(l)3( )]TJ
ET
q /GS1 gs
/Fm0 Do
Q
endstream
endobj
4 0 obj
<<
/Type /Page
/Parent 31 0 R
/Resources << /ColorSpace << /CS0 114 0 R /CS1 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS0 116 0 R /GS1 128 0 R >>
/Font << /TT0 123 0 R /TT1 120 0 R /TT2 117 0 R /C2_0 155 0 R /C2_1 160 0 R
/TT3 152 0 R /TT4 149 0 R /T1_0 127 0 R >>
/XObject << /Fm0 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >>
/Contents 6 1 R
/MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/Rotate 0
>>
endobj
5 1 obj
<< /Type /Metadata /Subtype /XML /Length 2025 >>
stream
2003-03-20T09:39:03Z
Acrobat Distiller 4.05 for Windows
Jeffry T. Russell, Margarid F. Jacome
PScript5.dll Version 5.2
Architecture-Level Performance Evaluation of Component-Based Embedded Systems
2003-05-12T10:35:45-07:00
Design Automation Conference 2003
Performance evaluation, architecture-level, design space exploration, component-based, embedded system, evaluation scenario
2003-03-20T09:39:03Z
Jeffry T. Russell, Margarid F. Jacome
Architecture-Level Performance Evaluation of Component-Based Embedded Systems
2003-05-12T10:35:45-07:00
Design Automation Conference 2003
2003-05-12T10:35:45-07:00
Jeffry T. Russell, Margarid F. Jacome
Architecture-Level Performance Evaluation of Component-Based Embedded Systems
Design Automation Conference 2003
endstream
endobj
6 1 obj
<< /Length 165 0 R >>
stream
/CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn
1 i
/RelativeColorimetric ri
/GS0 gs
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
10.02 0 0 10.02 54 746.8201 Tm
( )Tj
1.2216 -70.7066 Td
( )Tj
-0.0007 Tc 0.3914 Tw -1.2216 67.1138 Td
[(architecture in Figure )395(1\(b\) )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.3836 Tw 11.9222 0 Td
[(dem)13(onst)4(r)-1(at)4(es a )-6(t)4(o)-2(p)4(o)-2(l)4(o)4(gy)4( of)5( )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.1706 Tw -11.9222 -1.1497 Td
[(su)-4(bsystem)10(s)-1( )-6(th)-4(at co)-4(n)-4(s)-1(ists of )6(a CPU conn)-4(ected)-4( to)-4( m)10(u)-4(ltip)-4(l)-5(e)-7( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.1694 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(me)-5(m)11(o)-3(ries and an I/O c)7(o)3(ntroller \(IOC)8(\))-2(. T)6(h)3(e \223CPU\224 is an )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.0196 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(aggre)7(g)-3(ation, )-6(indicated by )-6(the da)]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.0252 Tw 12.8802 0 Td
[(s)6(h)-3(ed )6(box. El)9(e)-5(m)12(ents suc)7(h)-3( as )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.1335 Tw -12.8802 -1.1497 Td
[(the \223bridge\224 a)6(n)-3(d \223m)11(e)-6(m)11(ory c)-6(ont)8(roller\224 s)6(erve as interfaces)6(. )]TJ
0.3133 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(Ele)-6(m)11(ents providing re)6(source)6(s are)6( m)11(arked with \223E\224 )6(for )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.0016 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(execution )6(and )6(\223S\224 for storage)7(.)-2( )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0007 Tc 0.405 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 54 626.2797 Tm
[(3.2 Functional )410(Representati)-6(on )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0015 Tc 0.0928 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 614.7001 Tm
[(Recall th)-4(at sys)-7(t)1(e)-7(m)10( fu)-4(n)-4(c)-1(tio)-4(nality is)-8( d)-4(e)-1(scrib)-4(e)5(d)-4( as a set o)-4(f)2( )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.15 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(pr)5(ocesses)7( spec)8(i)4(f)-1(i)4(e)2(d wi)4(t)10(h)-2( a se)8(t)4( of )6(pr)5(oce)8(d)4(ure)8(s)1( o)4(r)-1(ga)8(ni)4(zed)4( as)7( )]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0.1735 Tw T*
[(m)13(odul)4(es. The )6(un)5(de)8(rl)4(y)5(i)4(ng f)5(o)-1(r)5(m)7(al)4(i)4(s)-4(m)7( t)4(o)-1( exp)5(r)-1(ess p)5(r)-1(oce)8(d)5(ure)8( )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.045 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(fun)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-1(lity is)-8( a co)-5(n)-5(t)7(ro)-5(l fl)7(o)-5(w)2( g)-5(r)-4(aph)-5( \(CFG\) i)7(n)-5( wh)-5(ich)-5( )6(no)-5(d)-5(e)5(s )]TJ
0.0018 Tc 0.2991 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(are )6(ope)9(rat)4(i)4(o)5(ns)8( an)5(d e)9(dge)9(s a)9(re )6(pot)4(e)9(n)-1(t)4(i)4(a)3(l)4( fl)4(ow)5( o)5(f c)9(o)5(nt)4(rol)10(. )]TJ
0.3889 Tw T*
[(Ope)9(rat)4(i)4(o)5(ns a)9(ff)6(ect)4( fl)4(o)5(w)-1( o)5(f )6(cont)10(rol)4( )6(or)6( m)7(odi)10(fy)5( va)9(ri)4(abl)4(e)9(s )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0018 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
(specified as )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0019 Tc 0 Tw 4.9341 0 Td
[(operan)-5(d)-5(s)4(.)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 3.9641 0 Td
( )Tj
0.0614 Tw -7.6766 -1.1497 Td
[(The CFG is a comm)11(on repre)7(sentation t)8(h)-3(at can be easily)9( )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.0902 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(deri)10(ved)4( f)5(r)-1(om)13( an i)4(m)13(perat)4(i)4(v)-2(e s)7(o)-2(u)4(r)-1(ce c)8(o)4(de s)7(p)-2(e)8(c)2(i)4(f)-1(i)4(cat)4(i)4(on s)7(u)-2(c)8(h)4( )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.1019 Tw T*
[(as C)4( or )6(Veri)4(l)4(o)4(g. )6(A f)5(o)-2(rm)13(al)4( descri)4(pt)4(i)4(o)4(n o)4(f)-1( t)10(h)-2(e C)4(F)1(G )6(use)8(d)-2( i)10(n)-2( )]TJ
0.002 Tc -0.0005 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(t)4(h)-1(e p)5(rese)9(n)-1(t)4( t)4(e)3(c)9(hni)10(que)9( i)4(s)2( f)6(o)5(un)5(d i)4(n)5( o)5(u)5(r )6(pre)9(v)-1(i)4(o)5(us )6(wo)5(r)6(k)-1( [)6(1)5(2])6(. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0005 Tc 0.4052 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 54 484.1396 Tm
[(3.3 Resource )404(M)-6(a)-2(pping )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0001 Tc 0.3609 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 472.5601 Tm
[(The t)8(w)-2(o )6(views )6(of a)7(n)-3( a)7(r)-2(c)7(h)-3(itecture)7( are)7( )6(related )6(by a )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0029 Tc 0 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(m)-5(app)-6(ing)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0002 Tc 0.5406 Tw 3.497 0 Td
[( that)8( associates opera)]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.5424 Tw 10.0778 0 Td
[(tion)-5(s)-2( in)-5( )6(th)-5(e fun)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-1(l )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.0016 Tw -13.5749 -1.1497 Td
[(architecture )6(with res)6(o)3(urces)6( in )]TJ
-0.0006 Tc 0.0021 Tw 12.0299 0 Td
[(the structural a)6(r)-3(chitecture. )]TJ
-0.0027 Tc 0.2198 Tw -10.8084 -1.1437 Td
[( )216(Ev)-6(ery )6(o)-6(p)-6(e)4(ratio)-6(n is m)9(a)-2(p)-6(p)-6(e)-2(d to)-6( an)-6( ex)-6(ecu)-6(tio)-6(n resou)-6(r)-5(ce, )]TJ
-0.0006 Tc 0.062 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(and ope)6(r)-3(ands, )6(if prese)6(n)-4(t, are)6( )]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0.0598 Tw 11.7964 0 Td
[(m)7(a)2(pped)5( t)4(o)-1( a)8( st)10(ora)8(g)-1(e )6(res)8(o)-1(u)5(r)-1(ce)8(. )]TJ
0.001 Tc 0.0664 Tw -11.7964 -1.1497 Td
[(Referri)9(ng)4( to Fi)9(gu)4(re )72(1, t)9(h)-2(e s)7(o)-2(ft)9(ware m)12(o)-2(d)4(u)-2(les )6(are m)12(a)2(pped t)9(o)-2( )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.091 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(the \223core )6(proc)7(essor\224 exec)7(ution )6(resource, a)7(nd the hardwa)7(re )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.0303 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(m)13(odul)4(e i)4(s)1( )-6(m)13(a)2(pped t)10(o)-2( t)4(h)-2(e \223)8(I)-1(O)5(C)3(\224 execut)4(i)4(o)4(n r)5(e)2(so)4(urce )6(\(a )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0014 Tc 0 Tw 21.994 0 Td
(fixed)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 1.9341 0 Td
( )Tj
0.0015 Tc 0.1198 Tw -23.9281 -1.1497 Td
[(m)7(a)2(ppi)4(n)5(g)-1(\))5(. )6( Th)5(e m)13(a)2(ppi)4(ng)5( o)5(f)-1( )6(ope)8(ra)8(nds)7( t)4(o)5( st)10(ora)8(g)-1(e )6(res)7(o)-1(u)5(r)-1(ce)8(s )]TJ
0.1257 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(vari)4(es )6(fr)5(om)13( op)5(erat)4(i)4(on t)10(o)-1( o)5(p)-1(e)8(r)5(at)4(i)4(on, a)8(n)5(d i)4(n)-1( t)10(h)-1(e exam)13(pl)4(e of )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.0693 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(Fig)-5(u)1(re )72(1)-5(,)3( po)-5(ten)-5(tial sto)-5(r)-4(ag)-5(e )6(re)]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.0671 Tw 11.6946 0 Td
[(sources)6( are)7( the)7( core )6(process)6(o)3(r )]TJ
0.0018 Tc 0.1195 Tw -11.6946 -1.1437 Td
[(regi)4(st)4(ers)8(, DR)10(A)5(M)5( 1, DR)10(AM)5( )6(2, )6(or )6(IOC)4( r)6(e)3(gi)10(st)4(ers. Di)10(ffe)9(rent)4( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0017 Tw T*
[(mapping sc)7(he)7(mes are consi)8(d)3(ered arc)7(h)-3(itecture )6(variations. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0005 Tc 0.0009 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 54 319.0197 Tm
[(3.4 )-404(Operation C)-4(o)-2(st Model )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0019 Tc 0.5026 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 307.38 Tm
[(Em)13(phasi)4(zi)4(ng )6(com)13(put)4(at)4(i)4(onal)10( sim)13(p)-1(l)4(i)4(c)3(it)4(y)5( and m)13(e)-3(m)13(o)-1(r)-6(y)-1( )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.0613 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(access, a basic)7( )-6(m)12(odel for the )6(avera)7(g)-3(e )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0004 Tc 0.061 Tw 15.4611 0 Td
[(exec)7(ution c)7(o)-3(st)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0043 Tc 0.0657 Tw 5.7425 0 Td
[( fo)-7(r)-7( an )]TJ
0.0021 Tc 0.0653 Tw -21.2036 -1.1617 Td
[(ope)9(rat)5(i)5(o)5(n t)5(y)5(pe,)7( )]TJ
ET
/CS0 CS 0 0 0 SCN
0.48 w 10 M 1 j 1 J []0 d
120.12 290.34 m
124.08 290.34 l
S
BT
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 119.58 284.2803 Tm
(c)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0002 Tc 0.0672 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 126.84 284.28 Tm
[(, is used. T)6(h)-3(e)7(r)-2(e are t)9(h)-3(ree)7( pa)7(rts: core)7( pro-)]TJ
-0.0011 Tc 0.0206 Tw -7.2695 -1.2216 Td
[(cessor tim)10(e, in)-4(stru)-4(ction)-4( )6(fetch)-4( )6(ti)-5(m)10(e, an)-4(d)-4( an)-4( )6(op)-4(tio)-4(n)-4(al m)10(e)-6(m)10(o)-4(ry)-4( )]TJ
-0.0006 Tc 0.0021 Tw 0 -1.1557 TD
[(access tim)11(e: )]TJ
ET
107.34 266.52 m
111.3 266.52 l
S
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0112 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 176.28 258.2399 Tm
(mem)Tj
0.0034 Tc -3.7009 0 Td
(instr)Tj
0 Tc -3.5556 0 Td
(core)Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 172.32 260.4603 Tm
(c)Tj
-2.86 0 Td
(c)Tj
-2.7867 0 Td
(c)Tj
-1.6333 0 Td
(c)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
6.5333 0 Td
<000E>Tj
-2.86 0 Td
<000E>Tj
-2.8533 0 Td
<0020>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0015 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 192.06 260.46 Tm
[(, decom)11(posed as: )-677( )]TJ
0 Tw 12.5928 44.6647 Td
( )Tj
7.02 0 0 7.02 393.18 705.7799 Tm
(core)Tj
-4.6667 0 Td
(core)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
9 0 2.9243 9 387.78 707.9998 Tm
<0057>Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 383.28 708.0003 Tm
(n)Tj
-3.0333 0 Td
(c)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
2.2267 0 Td
<0020>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0015 Tc 10.02 0 0 10.02 407.22 708 Tm
(, )Tj
0.0034 Tc 7.02 0 0 7.02 488.4 712.0199 Tm
(instr)Tj
-2.3333 0 Td
(instr)Tj
-2.8718 0 Td
(instr)Tj
0 Tc -0.0427 -0.8889 Td
(rd)Tj
0.0034 Tc -4.0769 0 Td
(instr)Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 9 0 0 9 485.04 708.0003 Tm
(t)Tj
-2.2067 0 Td
(m)Tj
-2.04 0 Td
(p)Tj
-3.0933 0 Td
(c)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
2.1933 0.0066 Td
<0020>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0007 Tc 0.0022 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 503.22 708 Tm
[(, )6( and )-407( )]TJ
3.3428 Tc 0 Tw -18.4611 -1.6946 Td
( )Tj
-0.0112 Tc 7.02 0 0 7.02 427.86 695.0399 Tm
(mem)Tj
0 Tc -0.094 -0.8889 Td
(r/w)Tj
-0.0112 Tc -2.4273 0.8889 Td
(mem)Tj
0 Tc -0.0684 -0.8889 Td
(r/w)Tj
-2.3761 0 Td
(r/w)Tj
-0.0112 Tc -4.3333 0 Td
(mem)Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 9 0 0 9 424.38 691.0203 Tm
(t)Tj
-2.36 0 Td
(m)Tj
-1.6467 0 Td
(p)Tj
-3.3133 0 Td
(c)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
2.3733 0.0066 Td
<0020>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0015 Tc 10.02 0 0 10.02 443.76 691.02 Tm
( )Tj
0.001 Tc -12.5269 -1.4311 Td
[(whe)8(r)-1(e )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 3.2275 0 Td
(n)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0004 Tc 0.3552 Tw 0.7126 0 Td
[( is core process)6(o)-3(r )6(cycle count, )]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 507.6 674.46 Tm
(core)Tj
/C2_1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 504 676.6803 Tm
<0132>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0014 Tc 0.3562 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 522 676.6801 Tm
[( is co)-4(re )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.0193 Tw -20.3353 -1.4311 Td
[(process)6(o)-3(r cycl)9(e tim)12(e)1(, )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 407.88 662.3403 Tm
(m)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0006 Tc 0.0189 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 417 662.34 Tm
[(is number )6(words acce)7(ssed a)7(nd )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 543.18 662.3403 Tm
(t)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0024 Tc 0.0219 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 548.58 662.34 Tm
[( is)-8( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.2412 Tw -22.988 -1.2156 Td
[(the access time from)11( a speci)]TJ
-0.0006 Tc 0.2416 Tw 12.4311 0 Td
[(fic execution resource to a)6( )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.2052 Tw -12.4311 -1.1497 Td
[(particula)7(r)-2( storage )6(resource. )6(The s)6(u)3(persc)7(r)-2(ipt of a)7( va)7(riable)7( )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.0491 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(indicates the st)9(ora)7(g)-3(e re)7(source)7(, )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0498 Tw 12.479 0 Td
[(and the s)6(u)3(bsc)6(r)-3(ipt indicates a )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 0.043 Tw -12.479 -1.1497 Td
[(read or write )-6(a)7(ccess. )-6(Eac)7(h)-3( )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0497 Tw 10.8922 0 Td
[(external m)11(e)-6(m)11(o)-3(ry access com)11(p)-3(o-)]TJ
0.0018 Tc 0.3111 Tw -10.8922 -1.1497 Td
[(nent)4( cost)4( exi)4(s)8(t)4(s)2( for an i)4(n)5(di)10(vi)4(d)5(u)-1(al)4( ope)9(rat)4(i)4(on )6(wi)4(t)4(h)-1( som)13(e)-3( )]TJ
-0.0015 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.1557 TD
[(p)-4(r)2(ob)-4(ab)-4(ility, )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 9 0 0 9 370.5 592.5603 Tm
(p)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0001 Tc 0.0373 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 377.52 592.5601 Tm
[(, )6(whic)7(h re)7(presents a cache m)12(i)3(ss)-6( for a )6(read )6(or )]TJ
-0.0015 Tc 0.003 Tw -5.9162 -1.3234 Td
[(th)-4(e lik)-4(eliho)-4(o)2(d)-4( t)7(h)-4(at a )6(write )6(o)-4(p)-4(e)5(ratio)-4(n canno)-4(t be po)-4(sted. )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.0719 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(The c)8(o)-1(re )6(pr)5(oc)8(essor)5( t)4(i)-2(m)13(e)2( i)4(s)1( a)]TJ
0 Tc 0.0674 Tw 11.5928 0 Td
(ssociated with )Tj
-0.0029 Tc 0.0763 Tw 6.0778 0 Td
[(an)-6( op)-6(er)-5(atio)-6(n )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.2173 Tw -18.8922 -1.1497 Td
[(through the execution re)7(sour)]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.2157 Tw 12.1078 0 Td
[(ce m)13(a)2(ppi)4(ng, )6(and i)4(t)4( i)4(n)-2(cl)4(u)4(d)-2(e)8(s)1( )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.3791 Tw -12.1078 -1.1497 Td
[(tim)11(e to access any elem)11(ents )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.3784 Tw 13.2216 0 Td
[(that exe)7(c)1(ut)9(e at the c)7(o)-3(re)7( )]TJ
-0.0012 Tc 0.1464 Tw -13.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(process)5(o)-4(r rate, e.g. the tim)10(e )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.1451 Tw 11.9701 0 Td
[(to access)6( proc)7(essor re)7(gisters)6(.)5( )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0378 Tw -11.9701 -1.1497 Td
[(The cycle count is a databook value a)6(nd the cycle )-6(time is)-6( a )]TJ
0.0023 Tc -0.0008 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(com)14(pone)9(nt)5( p)5(a)3(r)6(a)-3(m)14(e)3(t)5(e)3(r. )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.2277 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(Ope)8(r)-1(at)4(i)4(o)4(ns m)13(a)-4(ppe)8(d t)10(o)-2( a )6(p)4(r)-1(o)4(cesso)4(r e)8(x)-2(ecut)4(i)10(on)4( res)7(o)4(urce)8( )]TJ
0.0006 Tc 0.0428 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(have a)7(n)-2( inst)9(ruction fetc)7(h cos)7(t)3( )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0438 Tw 12.1677 0 Td
[(that accounts)6( for the e)6(x)-3(ternal )]TJ
-0.0009 Tc 0.703 Tw -12.1677 -1.1617 Td
[(me)-6(m)11(o)-4(ry acce)-6(ss tim)11(e.)-8( Note that )-1970(0)]TJ
/C2_0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 17.2755 0 Td
<0020>Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.982 0 Td
(m)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0021 Tc 0.7 Tw 2.509 0 Td
[( fo)5(r fixe)9(d )]TJ
-0.0015 Tc 0.003 Tw -18.8024 -1.2156 Td
[(fun)-4(c)-1(tion)-4(a)-1(lity, e.g)-4(.)3( fo)-4(r an IOC. )]TJ
-0.0007 Tc 0.1699 Tw 1.2216 -1.4311 Td
[(The optional me)-6(m)11(o)-4(ry acces)-7(s cost, )]TJ
-0.0112 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 482.34 453.1799 Tm
(mem)Tj
0 Tc -0.094 -0.8889 Td
(r/w)Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 479.04 449.1603 Tm
(t)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0002 Tc 0.1694 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 498.42 449.16 Tm
(, is the access )Tj
-0.0011 Tc 0.2601 Tw -17.982 -1.4132 Td
[(ti)-5(m)10(e)-6( to)-4( a p)-4(articu)-4(l)1(ar sto)-4(r)]TJ
-0.0006 Tc 0.2596 Tw 10.3653 0 Td
[(a)6(g)-4(e)6( resource from an execution )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.4911 Tw -10.3653 -1.1497 Td
[(reso)4(u)4(r)-1(ce an)4(d)4( i)4(s)1( deri)10(ved )6(fr)5(om)13( st)4(ruct)4(ur)5(al)4( t)4(o)-2(p)4(o)-2(l)4(o)4(gy)4( by)10( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0137 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(consideri)8(n)-3(g the stora)7(g)-3(e re)7(s)]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 10.7126 0 Td
[(ource m)11(a)1(pping )6(for each )6(opera)7(nd.)-8( )]TJ
0.0006 Tc 0.1087 Tw -10.7126 -1.4311 Td
[(For e)7(x)-2(am)12(ple, in Figure)7( )108(1, )]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 431.58 401.6999 Tm
(dram1)Tj
-0.0769 -0.8889 Td
(r)Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 428.4 397.6803 Tm
(t)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0004 Tc 0.1097 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 450.78 397.68 Tm
[( is)-6( the read acce)6(ss cost to )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0 Tw -13.2275 -1.4132 Td
[(DRAM)4( )6(1 m)13(e)-4(m)7(o)-1(ry)5( )6(fr)5(om)13( the core)8( p)5(r)-1(oce)8(sso)5(r.)6( )6( )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.6727 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(This a)6(b)-3(stract)8( m)11(odel for operation c)6(o)-3(st neglects )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.3055 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(num)13(ero)4(u)-2(s )6(det)4(a)2(i)4(l)4(s)1( of i)10(ndi)10(vi)4(dual)4( )6(o)4(p)-2(erat)4(i)4(o)4(n)4(s)1(, an)4(d as)7(sum)13(e)2(s )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.0603 Tw T*
[(i)4(nde)8(pen)4(d)-2(e)8(n)-2(ce bet)4(w)-1(ee)8(n ope)8(ra)8(t)4(i)4(ons. We )-6(a)8(n)-2(t)4(i)4(c)2(i)4(p)-2(at)4(e )-6(t)4(h)-2(at)4( )-6(m)13(o)-2(re )]TJ
0.198 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(sop)4(h)-2(i)4(s)1(t)4(i)4(cat)4(ed a)8(n)-2(al)4(y)4(s)1(i)4(s)1( t)4(echni)10(que)8(s can )6(be a)8(ppl)4(i)4(e)2(d t)10(o)-2( )6(basi)4(c )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.1379 Tw T*
[(bl)4(oc)8(ks t)10(o)-2( )6(o)4(b)-2(t)4(a)2(i)4(n)-2( a m)13(o)-2(re a)8(c)2(c)8(u)-2(rat)4(e)2( e)8(x)-2(ec)8(ut)4(i)4(o)4(n c)8(o)-2(st)4( )6(base)8(d )6(o)4(n)-2( )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.002 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(micro-arc)6(h)-3(itecture)6( details of)]TJ
11.3114 0 Td
[( t)8(h)-3(e target )6(proce)6(ssor. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0014 Tc 0.4043 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 318.24 298.9796 Tm
[(3.5)4( Com)4(ponents )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0024 Tc 0 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 287.34 Tm
(A )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0007 Tc 1.1497 0 Td
[(compone)6(n)-4(t)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0017 Tc 0.1768 Tw 4.3772 0 Td
[( )6(is a set o)-5(f)-4( )6(one o)-5(r)-4( m)10(o)-5(r)-4(e)-1( subsyste)-7(m)10(s)-2( an)-5(d)-11( )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.0242 Tw -6.7485 -1.1437 Td
[(asso)4(ci)4(at)4(ed co)4(n)4(n)-2(ect)4(i)4(o)-2(n)4(s)1(, i)4(.e)8(. a )6(fi)4(xe)8(d t)4(o)4(pol)10(ogy)10( of)5( su)4(bsy)4(s)1(t)4(e)2(m)13(s)-5(, )]TJ
0.2159 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(t)4(h)-2(at)4( can )6(be i)10(n)4(cl)4(ude)8(d i)4(n)4( an )6(archi)4(t)4(ect)4(u)4(r)-1(e. C)10(o)-2(m)13(pone)8(nt)4(s are)8( )]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
0.753 0.753 0.753 SCN
1.08 w
129.42 218.16 m
195.42 218.16 l
197.22 218.28 l
198.96 218.94 l
200.52 219.9 l
201.84 221.22 l
202.8 222.78 l
203.46 224.52 l
203.7 226.38 l
203.46 228.12 l
202.8 229.86 l
201.84 231.42 l
200.52 232.74 l
198.96 233.7 l
197.22 234.36 l
195.42 234.6 l
129.42 234.6 l
127.56 234.36 l
125.82 233.7 l
124.26 232.74 l
122.94 231.42 l
121.98 229.86 l
121.32 228.12 l
121.2 226.38 l
121.32 224.52 l
121.98 222.78 l
122.94 221.22 l
124.26 219.9 l
125.82 218.94 l
127.56 218.28 l
129.42 218.16 l
h
B*
126.24 221.22 m
192.36 221.22 l
194.1 221.46 l
195.9 222 l
197.4 222.96 l
198.72 224.28 l
199.74 225.84 l
200.4 227.58 l
200.64 229.44 l
200.64 231.42 l
200.4 233.28 l
199.74 235.02 l
198.72 236.58 l
197.4 237.9 l
195.9 238.86 l
194.1 239.52 l
192.36 239.76 l
126.24 239.76 l
124.5 239.52 l
122.7 238.86 l
121.2 237.9 l
119.88 236.58 l
118.86 235.02 l
118.2 233.28 l
118.02 231.42 l
118.02 229.44 l
118.2 227.58 l
118.86 225.84 l
119.88 224.28 l
121.2 222.96 l
122.7 222 l
124.5 221.46 l
126.24 221.22 l
h
B*
0 0 0 SCN
0.24 w
415.2 144.06 m
431.7 144.06 l
S
0.753 0.753 0.753 scn
127.32 110.04 m
185.1 110.04 l
186.96 110.28 l
188.64 110.94 l
190.26 111.84 l
191.58 113.16 l
192.6 114.78 l
193.14 116.46 l
193.38 118.32 l
193.38 122.46 l
193.14 124.2 l
192.6 126 l
191.58 127.5 l
190.26 128.82 l
188.64 129.84 l
186.96 130.5 l
185.1 130.68 l
127.32 130.68 l
125.46 130.5 l
123.72 129.84 l
122.16 128.82 l
120.84 127.5 l
119.88 126 l
119.34 124.2 l
119.1 122.46 l
119.1 118.32 l
119.34 116.46 l
119.88 114.78 l
120.84 113.16 l
122.16 111.84 l
123.72 110.94 l
125.46 110.28 l
127.32 110.04 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
0.66 w 0 j 0 J
352.26 170.76 41.22 24.66 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0018 Tc -0.0023 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 357.3 180.6001 Tm
[(DRAM)17( 1)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
1 j 1 J
121.2 168.78 m
187.2 168.78 l
188.94 168.9 l
190.74 169.56 l
192.24 170.52 l
193.56 171.84 l
194.58 173.4 l
195.24 175.14 l
195.42 177 l
195.24 178.74 l
194.58 180.48 l
193.56 182.04 l
192.24 183.36 l
190.74 184.32 l
188.94 184.98 l
187.2 185.22 l
121.2 185.22 l
119.34 184.98 l
117.54 184.32 l
115.98 183.36 l
114.66 182.04 l
113.7 180.48 l
113.04 178.74 l
112.92 177 l
113.04 175.14 l
113.7 173.4 l
114.66 171.84 l
115.98 170.52 l
117.54 169.56 l
119.34 168.9 l
121.2 168.78 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0061 Tc -0.0066 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 120.96 174.4201 Tm
[(O)10(perating Sy)10(st)7(em)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
125.28 144.06 m
183 144.06 l
184.86 144.18 l
186.66 144.84 l
188.16 145.86 l
189.48 147.18 l
190.5 148.68 l
191.04 150.42 l
191.28 152.34 l
191.04 154.08 l
190.5 155.82 l
189.48 157.38 l
188.16 158.7 l
186.66 159.66 l
184.86 160.32 l
183 160.56 l
125.28 160.56 l
123.36 160.32 l
121.74 159.66 l
120.06 158.7 l
118.74 157.38 l
117.9 155.82 l
117.24 154.08 l
117 152.34 l
117.24 150.42 l
117.9 148.68 l
118.74 147.18 l
120.06 145.86 l
121.74 144.84 l
123.36 144.18 l
125.28 144.06 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0005 Tc -0.001 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 129.3 149.7601 Tm
[(De)-5(vic)-10(e)-5( Drive)-5(r)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
232.5 162.54 111.48 86.46 re
f
232.5 162.54 m
237.78 162.54 l
241.08 162.54 m
246.42 162.54 l
249.72 162.54 m
255 162.54 l
258.3 162.54 m
263.58 162.54 l
266.88 162.54 m
272.16 162.54 l
275.46 162.54 m
280.74 162.54 l
284.04 162.54 m
289.32 162.54 l
292.62 162.54 m
297.9 162.54 l
301.2 162.54 m
306.48 162.54 l
309.78 162.54 m
315.06 162.54 l
318.36 162.54 m
323.64 162.54 l
326.94 162.54 m
332.22 162.54 l
335.52 162.54 m
340.8 162.54 l
343.98 162.6 m
343.98 167.88 l
343.98 171.18 m
343.98 176.46 l
343.98 179.76 m
343.98 184.98 l
343.98 188.28 m
343.98 193.56 l
343.98 196.86 m
343.98 202.14 l
343.98 205.44 m
343.98 210.66 l
343.98 213.96 m
343.98 219.24 l
343.98 222.54 m
343.98 227.82 l
343.98 231.06 m
343.98 236.34 l
343.98 239.64 m
343.98 244.92 l
343.98 248.22 m
343.98 249 l
339.48 249 l
336.18 249 m
330.9 249 l
327.6 249 m
322.32 249 l
319.02 249 m
313.74 249 l
310.44 249 m
305.16 249 l
301.86 249 m
296.58 249 l
293.28 249 m
288 249 l
284.7 249 m
279.42 249 l
276.12 249 m
270.84 249 l
267.54 249 m
262.26 249 l
258.96 249 m
253.68 249 l
250.38 249 m
245.1 249 l
241.74 249 m
236.46 249 l
233.16 249 m
232.5 249 l
232.5 244.38 l
232.5 241.08 m
232.5 235.8 l
232.5 232.5 m
232.5 227.22 l
232.5 223.98 m
232.5 218.7 l
232.5 215.4 m
232.5 210.12 l
232.5 206.82 m
232.5 201.6 l
232.5 198.3 m
232.5 193.02 l
232.5 189.72 m
232.5 184.44 l
232.5 181.14 m
232.5 175.92 l
232.5 172.62 m
232.5 167.34 l
232.5 164.04 m
232.5 162.54 l
S
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0005 Tc 0 Tw 9.12 0 0 9.12 321.12 237.0603 Tm
(CPU)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
0 j 0 J
286.2 169.74 49.56 26.76 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0155 Tc 8.22 0 0 8.22 296.1 185.5201 Tm
[(Me)-21(m)-22(o)-21(r)-18(y)]TJ
0.0061 Tc -0.3869 -1.1971 Td
[(C)6(ontr)11(ol)-5(l)2(er)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
244.98 217.02 49.5 23.7 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0017 Tc 8.22 0 0 8.22 248.58 231.4201 Tm
[(Co)-4(re)]TJ
0.0045 Tc 0 -1.2044 TD
[(Proces)-6(s)-6(o)-1(r)]TJ
ET
1.08 w 1 j 1 J
257.28 169.74 m
257.28 142.02 l
327.48 142.02 l
310.98 196.5 m
310.98 201.66 l
269.7 201.66 l
269.7 217.02 l
S
1 1 1 scn
0.66 w 0 j 0 J
240.78 169.74 33 25.68 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0049 Tc 8.22 0 0 8.22 245.28 180.1801 Tm
(Bridge)Tj
0.0078 Tc -0.0011 Tw 7.38 0 0 7.38 277.74 145.92 Tm
[(PC)15(I)9( Bu)11(s)]TJ
ET
1.08 w 1 j 1 J
269.7 217.02 m
269.7 201.66 l
257.28 201.66 l
257.28 195.42 l
S
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0067 Tc 0 Tw 7.38 0 0 7.38 275.76 207.72 Tm
[(In)10(te)18(r)6(n)10(a)18(l)1( B)7(u)10(s)]TJ
ET
352.26 183.12 m
335.76 183.12 l
S
1 1 1 scn
0.66 w 0 j 0 J
327.48 121.38 33 32.88 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0068 Tc 8.22 0 0 8.22 336.6 135.3601 Tm
[(IO)11(C)]TJ
ET
1.08 w 1 j 1 J
377.64 137.82 m
368.1 137.82 l
S
376.98 140.58 m
385.26 137.82 l
376.98 135.06 l
376.98 140.58 l
f*
368.76 135.06 m
360.48 137.82 l
368.76 140.58 l
368.76 135.06 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
0.66 w
125.28 113.16 m
183 113.16 l
184.86 113.34 l
186.66 114 l
188.16 115.02 l
189.48 116.22 l
190.5 117.84 l
191.04 119.64 l
191.28 121.38 l
191.28 125.52 l
191.04 127.32 l
190.5 129.06 l
189.48 130.68 l
188.16 131.88 l
186.66 132.9 l
184.86 133.56 l
183 133.74 l
125.28 133.74 l
123.36 133.56 l
121.74 132.9 l
120.06 131.88 l
118.74 130.68 l
117.9 129.06 l
117.24 127.32 l
117 125.52 l
117 121.38 l
117.24 119.64 l
117.9 117.84 l
118.74 116.22 l
120.06 115.02 l
121.74 114 l
123.36 113.34 l
125.28 113.16 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0059 Tc 0.0009 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 124.14 120.9001 Tm
[(I/)6(O)10( Funct)6(i)-5(onality)]TJ
ET
1.08 w
430.56 123.48 m
422.34 123.48 l
422.34 133.74 l
414.06 133.74 l
S
1 1 1 scn
414.06 199.62 16.5 10.32 re
f
0.24 w
414.06 199.62 m
415.86 199.62 l
416.94 199.62 m
418.68 199.62 l
419.82 199.62 m
421.56 199.62 l
422.64 199.62 m
424.44 199.62 l
425.52 199.62 m
427.26 199.62 l
428.4 199.62 m
430.14 199.62 l
430.56 200.28 m
430.56 202.02 l
430.56 203.1 m
430.56 204.84 l
430.56 205.98 m
430.56 207.72 l
430.56 208.8 m
430.56 209.94 l
429.9 209.94 l
428.82 209.94 m
427.08 209.94 l
425.94 209.94 m
424.2 209.94 l
423.12 209.94 m
421.32 209.94 l
420.24 209.94 m
418.5 209.94 l
417.36 209.94 m
415.62 209.94 l
414.54 209.94 m
414.06 209.94 l
414.06 208.62 l
414.06 207.48 m
414.06 205.74 l
414.06 204.66 m
414.06 202.92 l
414.06 201.78 m
414.06 200.04 l
S
0.66 w
419.22 180.06 m
425.52 180.06 l
426.84 180.18 l
428.04 180.72 l
429.12 181.5 l
429.9 182.58 l
430.44 183.78 l
430.56 185.22 l
430.44 186.54 l
429.9 187.74 l
429.12 188.82 l
428.04 189.6 l
426.84 190.14 l
425.52 190.26 l
419.22 190.26 l
417.9 190.14 l
416.7 189.6 l
415.62 188.82 l
414.84 187.74 l
414.3 186.54 l
414.06 185.22 l
414.3 183.78 l
414.84 182.58 l
415.62 181.5 l
416.7 180.72 l
417.9 180.18 l
419.22 180.06 l
h
B*
0.24 w 0 j 0 J
414.06 218.16 16.5 10.2 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0033 Tc 0.01 Tw 7.38 0 0 7.38 436.62 220.0201 Tm
[(S)-11(t)-2(ruc)-7(t)-10(ural elem)-24(ent)]TJ
-0.0027 Tc 0 Tw 0 -2.5203 TD
[(A)-10(g)9(gre)9(gat)-9(ion)]TJ
-0.0037 Tc 0.0023 Tw 0 -2.4959 TD
[(Func)-8(t)-10(i)-9(o)8(nal)-9( m)-24(odule )-8(\(s)-8(of)-10(t)-10(w)19(are\))]TJ
-0.003 Tc 0.0097 Tw 0 -7.8211 TD
[(S)-11(t)-2(ruc)-7(t)-10(ua)8(l)-8( c)-7(onnec)-7(t)-10(ion)]TJ
/TT4 1 Tf
0.0022 Tc 0 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 450.72 237.4796 Tm
(LEGEND)Tj
ET
0 0 1 SCN
0.66 w 1 j 1 J
104.7 213.96 m
103.56 213.96 l
102.06 213.78 l
100.5 213.3 l
99.06 212.46 l
97.98 211.26 l
97.08 209.94 l
96.54 208.38 l
96.42 206.76 l
96.42 188.28 l
96.18 186.66 l
95.64 185.1 l
94.8 183.78 l
93.66 182.58 l
92.22 181.8 l
90.84 181.26 l
89.16 181.08 l
90.84 180.84 l
92.22 180.42 l
93.66 179.52 l
94.8 178.32 l
95.64 177 l
96.18 175.44 l
96.42 173.82 l
96.42 151.2 l
96.54 149.7 l
97.08 148.14 l
97.98 146.7 l
99.06 145.62 l
100.5 144.72 l
102.06 144.18 l
103.56 144.06 l
104.7 144.06 l
S
0 0 1 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0071 Tc 0 7.38 -7.38 0 85.2597 166.56 Tm
[(So)19(ftw)14(a)10(r)15(e)]TJ
ET
104.7 139.38 m
100.5 139.38 l
99.18 139.14 l
98.1 138.6 l
97.2 137.7 l
96.54 136.5 l
96.42 135.3 l
96.42 131.7 l
96.18 130.38 l
95.52 129.24 l
94.68 128.4 l
93.54 127.74 l
92.22 127.5 l
93.54 127.38 l
94.68 126.72 l
95.52 125.88 l
96.18 124.8 l
96.42 123.48 l
96.42 116.22 l
96.54 115.02 l
97.2 113.82 l
98.1 112.92 l
99.18 112.38 l
100.5 112.14 l
104.7 112.14 l
S
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0058 Tc 0 7.38 -7.38 0 85.2597 111.84 Tm
(Hardware)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
0 0 0 SCN
0 j 0 J
269.7 109.08 45.36 24.66 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0155 Tc 8.22 0 0 8.22 277.5 123.8401 Tm
[(Me)-21(m)-22(o)-21(r)-18(y)]TJ
0.0061 Tc -0.3869 -1.1971 Td
[(C)6(ontr)11(ol)-5(l)2(er)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
220.2 109.08 41.28 24.66 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0018 Tc -0.0023 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 225.24 118.9201 Tm
[(DRAM)17( 2)]TJ
ET
1.08 w 1 j 1 J
269.7 121.38 m
261.48 121.38 l
257.28 169.74 m
257.28 142.02 l
292.38 142.02 l
292.38 133.74 l
S
BT
/TT4 1 Tf
0.0033 Tc 0 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 149.1 98.2801 Tm
[(\(a\))-15299(\()1(b\))]TJ
ET
0.66 w
154.2 133.74 m
156.18 139.56 l
152.1 138.18 l
154.2 144.06 l
154.2 160.56 m
156.18 165.12 l
152.1 164.04 l
154.2 168.78 l
154.2 185.22 m
156.18 189.84 l
152.1 188.76 l
154.2 193.44 l
430.56 109.08 m
424.74 115.44 l
424.2 110.82 l
418.26 117.3 l
S
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.003 Tc 0.0097 Tw 7.38 0 0 7.38 436.62 108.8401 Tm
[(Func)-7(t)-10(i)-8(o)8(nal)-8(it)-10(y)9( l)-8(ink)-15(a)8(ge)]TJ
ET
0.753 0.753 0.753 scn
420.36 160.62 m
427.74 160.62 l
429.06 160.86 l
430.26 161.28 l
431.22 162.18 l
432 163.2 l
432.54 164.4 l
432.66 165.6 l
432.54 166.92 l
432 168.12 l
431.22 169.08 l
430.26 169.86 l
429.06 170.4 l
427.74 170.52 l
420.36 170.52 l
419.04 170.4 l
417.84 169.86 l
416.82 169.08 l
416.04 168.12 l
415.5 166.92 l
415.38 165.6 l
415.5 164.4 l
416.04 163.2 l
416.82 162.18 l
417.84 161.28 l
419.04 160.86 l
420.36 160.62 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
419.04 162.72 m
425.64 162.72 l
426.96 162.96 l
428.16 163.38 l
429.12 164.16 l
429.9 165.24 l
430.44 166.44 l
430.56 167.7 l
430.44 168.96 l
429.9 170.22 l
429.12 171.18 l
428.16 171.96 l
426.96 172.5 l
425.64 172.62 l
419.04 172.62 l
417.84 172.5 l
416.58 171.96 l
415.62 171.18 l
414.72 170.22 l
414.3 168.96 l
414.06 167.7 l
414.3 166.44 l
414.72 165.24 l
415.62 164.16 l
416.58 163.38 l
417.84 162.96 l
419.04 162.72 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0037 Tc 0.0023 Tw 7.38 0 0 7.38 436.62 164.4601 Tm
[(Func)-8(t)-10(i)-9(o)8(nal)-9( m)-24(odule )-8(\(hardw)19(are\))]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
274.56 235.26 6.84 11.4 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 275.46 238.1968 Tm
(E)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
285 235.26 6.48 11.4 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
8.22 0 0 8.22 286.02 238.1968 Tm
(S)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
379.98 190.08 6.48 11.28 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
8.22 0 0 8.22 380.82 192.9568 Tm
(S)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
338.46 148.92 6.96 11.28 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
8.22 0 0 8.22 339.36 151.8568 Tm
(E)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
349.02 148.92 6.42 11.28 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
8.22 0 0 8.22 349.92 151.8568 Tm
(S)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
247.92 128.28 6.48 11.4 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
8.22 0 0 8.22 248.82 131.2168 Tm
(S)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
423.3 138.6 6.42 11.4 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
8.22 0 0 8.22 424.2 141.5368 Tm
(S)Tj
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0032 Tc 0.0099 Tw 7.38 0 0 7.38 436.62 149.34 Tm
[(I)-10(ndic)-7(at)-10(i)-9(o)8(n of)-10( ex)25(ec)-7(ut)-10(i)-9(o)8(n)]TJ
-0.0047 Tc 0.0114 Tw 0 -1.187 TD
[(or s)-9(t)-11(orage res)-9(ourc)-17(e)]TJ
ET
0.24 w
414.06 150.24 m
430.56 150.24 l
S
1 1 1 scn
416.94 145.86 6.84 11.28 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 417.84 148.7968 Tm
(E)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
151.08 209.94 8.28 16.44 re
f
0.66 w
129.42 193.44 m
178.92 193.44 l
180.72 193.56 l
182.46 194.22 l
184.02 195.24 l
185.34 196.5 l
186.3 198.06 l
186.96 199.8 l
187.2 201.66 l
186.96 203.46 l
186.3 205.2 l
185.34 206.76 l
184.02 208.02 l
182.46 209.04 l
180.72 209.7 l
178.92 209.94 l
129.42 209.94 l
127.56 209.7 l
125.82 209.04 l
124.26 208.02 l
122.94 206.76 l
121.98 205.2 l
121.32 203.46 l
121.2 201.66 l
121.32 199.8 l
121.98 198.06 l
122.94 196.5 l
124.26 195.24 l
125.82 194.22 l
127.56 193.56 l
129.42 193.44 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0047 Tc 0.0021 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 125.16 199.1401 Tm
[(N)4(e)-1(tw)19(ork Library)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
0.753 0.753 0.753 SCN
1.08 w
123.18 224.28 m
189.18 224.28 l
191.04 224.52 l
192.78 225.06 l
194.34 226.02 l
195.66 227.34 l
196.68 228.9 l
197.34 230.64 l
197.4 232.5 l
197.4 234.6 l
197.34 236.34 l
196.68 238.14 l
195.66 239.64 l
194.34 240.96 l
192.78 241.98 l
191.04 242.64 l
189.18 242.82 l
123.18 242.82 l
121.38 242.64 l
119.64 241.98 l
118.08 240.96 l
116.76 239.64 l
115.8 238.14 l
115.14 236.34 l
114.9 234.6 l
114.9 232.5 l
115.14 230.64 l
115.8 228.9 l
116.76 227.34 l
118.08 226.02 l
119.64 225.06 l
121.38 224.52 l
123.18 224.28 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0044 Tc 0 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 135.84 231.0601 Tm
[(Applic)-6(ation)]TJ
ET
0 0 0 SCN
0.66 w
154.2 209.94 m
157.38 217.8 l
153 216.36 l
156.18 224.28 l
S
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 10.02 0 0 10.02 537.96 89.88 Tm
( )Tj
/T1_0 1 Tf
0.0003 Tc -0.0028 Tw -47.7485 -1.5568 Td
[(Figure 1. A n)7(e)-1(two)7(rk inter)6(f)4(ace de)5(scribe)5(d)1( by the fu)7(n)7(c)-1(tional arc)5(h)1(itec)5(ture )6(\(a\) a)5(nd stru)7(ctur)6(al archite)5(c)-1(tur)6(e)5( \(b\). )]TJ
ET
q /GS1 gs
/Fm0 Do
Q
endstream
endobj
7 0 obj
<<
/Type /Page
/Parent 31 0 R
/Resources << /ColorSpace << /CS0 114 0 R /CS1 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS0 116 0 R /GS1 128 0 R >>
/Font << /TT0 123 0 R /TT1 120 0 R /TT2 117 0 R /TT3 152 0 R /TT4 174 0 R
/TT5 149 0 R /T1_0 127 0 R >>
/XObject << /Fm0 173 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >>
/Contents 8 1 R
/MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/Rotate 0
>>
endobj
8 1 obj
<< /Length 177 0 R >>
stream
/CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn
1 i
/RelativeColorimetric ri
/GS0 gs
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
10.02 0 0 10.02 54 746.8201 Tm
( )Tj
1.2216 -70.7066 Td
( )Tj
0.0016 Tc 0.1616 Tw -1.2216 67.1138 Td
[(reusa)8(b)-1(l)4(e)2(, m)13(a)2(y)5( )-6(be ha)8(rd)5(wa)8(re and/)10(or s)8(o)-1(ft)10(ware)8(, an)5(d are g)5(e)2(n)5(-)]TJ
0 Tc 0.1572 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(erally available from)11( a )-6(library. A c)7(o)-3(m)11(ponent m)11(a)-5(y be de)7(-)]TJ
0.0007 Tc 0.0727 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(livered in m)12(a)1(n)-8(y)4( form)12(s, e.g. s)7(o)-2(ft)9(ware s)7(o)-2(urce)7( code)7(, an intel)9(-)]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.3354 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(l)4(ect)4(ual)4( pr)5(ope)8(r)5(t)4(y)4( core f)5(o)-2(r )6(VLS)7(I)-1( desi)10(gn)4(,)6( a sy)4(nt)4(hesi)4(za)8(bl)4(e )]TJ
T*
[(har)5(d)4(ware desc)8(ri)4(pt)4(i)4(o)4(n )-6(l)4(a)2(n)4(gua)8(ge, or )-6(a di)4(scret)4(e)2( )-6(i)4(n)-2(t)4(e)2(grat)4(e)8(d)4( )]TJ
-0.0008 Tc 0.0742 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(circuit. T)5(o)-4( clarify expla)6(n)-4(ati)]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.0732 Tw 11.1377 0 Td
[(on, com)12(p)-3(onents )6(are ass)6(u)-3(m)12(e)1(d to )]TJ
-0.0018 Tc 0.1949 Tw -11.1377 -1.1497 Td
[(h)-5(a)-1(v)-5(e)5( p)-5(a)5(ram)10(e)-1(te)-7(rs th)-5(at can)-5( )6(b)-5(e)5( v)-5(a)-1(ried)-5( )6(with)-5(ou)-5(t affectin)-5(g the )]TJ
0.0019 Tc -0.0004 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(fi)4(xe)9(d t)4(o)5(p)5(o)-1(l)4(o)5(gy)5(,)6( e.g)5(. )6(ope)9(rat)4(i)4(n)5(g )6(fre)9(que)9(ncy)5( )6(or)6( si)4(ze o)5(f m)13(e)-3(m)13(o)-1(ry)5(. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0013 Tc 0.4044 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 54 614.8196 Tm
[(3.6)4( Architecture )404(Exploration)6(s)3( )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0004 Tc 0.0498 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 603.1801 Tm
[(Our a)6(p)-3(proach )6(assum)11(es that th)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0496 Tw 12 0 Td
[(e )6(design s)6(p)-3(ac)7(e exploration )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.1259 Tw -13.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(fram)13(e)2(wor)5(k)-2( del)10(i)4(vers can)4(di)4(dat)10(e)2( )]TJ
0 Tc 0.1272 Tw 12.497 0 Td
[(architectures)6( for e)7(v)-3(aluation. )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 0 Tw -12.497 -1.1437 Td
(The )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0041 Tc 2.5988 0 Td
[(ca)-7(nd)-7(ida)-7(t)4(e)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 3.9281 0 Td
( )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
0.001 Tc 1.0419 0 Td
[(arc)8(h)-2(i)3(t)3(ect)3(ur)7(e)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0016 Tc 0.7935 Tw 4.8743 0 Td
[( is a configu)-5(r)-4(ation)-5( )6(o)-5(f)-4( )]TJ
0.0006 Tc 0.2225 Tw -12.4431 -1.1497 Td
[(com)12(pone)7(nt)3(s t)3(h)4(at)3( exp)4(r)-2(esses )6(b)4(o)-2(t)3(h)-2( a st)3(r)4(u)-2(ct)3(u)4(r)4(al)3( archi)3(t)3(ect)3(ure)7(,)-1( )]TJ
-0.0021 Tc 0.3629 Tw T*
[(w)-4(h)-5(ich)-5( pr)-4(ov)-5(ides th)-5(e r)-4(e)5(q)-5(u)-5(ir)-4(e)5(d)-5( ph)-5(ysical r)-4(e)5(so)-5(ur)-4(ces, and)-5( )6(a)-7( )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.3863 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(fun)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-1(l arch)-5(itectu)-5(r)-4(e th)-5(at)7( fu)-5(lfils th)-5(e syste)-7(m)10( b)-5(e)-1(h)-5(a)-1(v)-5(i)7(o)-5(r)2( )]TJ
0 Tc 0.1871 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(requirem)11(ents. Candi)8(date architectures a)7(r)-2(e)7( determ)11(ined by )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.2724 Tw T*
[(th)-4(e to)-4(po)-4(log)-4(y)2( )6(an)-4(d)-4( )6(nu)-4(m)10(b)-4(er of sub)-4(s)-1(ystem)10(s)-1( )-6(as well as the)-7( )]TJ
0.0021 Tc 0.0653 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(po)5(p)5(u)-1(l)5(a)3(t)5(i)5(on )6(of i)11(ndi)11(vi)5(d)5(u)-1(al)5( su)5(bs)8(y)5(s)2(t)5(e)-3(m)14(s)2(. The m)8(a)3(nne)9(r i)5(n)-1( )6(whi)5(c)9(h )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.0778 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(i)4(ndi)4(vi)10(dual)4( c)8(o)-1(m)7(p)-1(o)5(n)-1(e)8(n)-1(t)4(s)1( co)5(nt)4(ri)10(but)4(e t)4(o)-1( a)8(n)-1( arc)8(h)-1(i)4(t)4(ect)4(ure ra)8(n)5(g)-1(e)8(s)1( )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.3801 Tw T*
[(in)-4( co)-4(m)10(p)-4(lex)-4(ity)-4( fro)-4(m)10( a si)-5(mp)-4(le sub)-4(s)-1(ystem p)-4(o)2(p)-4(u)-4(l)1(ation)-4( to )]TJ
0.002 Tc 0.4546 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(i)4(n)-1(st)4(ant)4(i)4(a)3(t)4(i)4(ng a)9( po)5(rt)4(i)4(on )6(of t)10(o)-1(p)5(o)-1(l)4(o)5(gy)5( co)5(nt)10(ai)4(ni)4(ng se)9(ve)9(ral )]TJ
0 Tc 0.0314 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(subsystem)11(s. Minor a)7(r)-2(chitecture )6(va)]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0317 Tw 13.7844 0 Td
[(riations t)8(h)3(at do )6(not)8( affect )]TJ
0.0017 Tc 0.2094 Tw -13.7844 -1.1437 Td
[(t)4(h)-1(e t)4(o)5(pol)10(ogy)5( )6(are u)5(n)5(d)-1(er c)8(o)5(nt)10(rol)4( )6(of t)10(h)-1(e )6(des)8(i)4(gne)8(r ba)8(sed )6(o)5(n)-1( )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.5991 Tw T*
[(chan)4(ges)7( t)4(o)4( c)8(o)-2(m)13(pone)8(nt)4( )6(par)5(a)-4(m)13(e)2(t)4(e)2(rs an)4(d)4( t)4(h)-2(e )6(res)7(o)-2(u)4(r)-1(c)8(e)-4( )]TJ
0.0024 Tc -0.0009 Tw T*
[(m)8(a)3(ppi)5(n)5(g)-1(. )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.0841 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(Fi)4(gu)4(re )90(2 )6(dem)13(onst)4(r)-1(at)4(es se)8(vera)8(l)4( di)4(ffe)8(rent)4( ca)8(n)4(d)-2(i)4(d)-2(at)4(e arc)8(h)-2(i)4(-)]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0.5987 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(t)4(ect)4(ures. )6(W)-7(i)4(t)10(h)-1(i)4(n)-1( t)4(h)-1(e si)10(ng)5(l)4(e)2( t)4(opol)10(ogy)5( )6(of Fi)10(gu)5(re )605(2\(a)8(\))-1(,)6( )]TJ
0.002 Tc 0.227 Tw T*
[(di)4(ffe)9(re)9(nt)4( com)13(p)-1(o)5(n)-1(e)9(n)-1(t)4(s)2( ca)9(n )6(p)5(o)-1(p)5(u)-1(l)4(a)3(t)4(e)3( a s)8(u)5(bs)8(y)5(s)2(t)4(e)-3(m)13(,)1( e.g. t)10(h)5(e )]TJ
-0.0012 Tc 0.0746 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(CPU. Fi)7(g)-4(u)2(re )78(2\(b\) is a m)10(o)-4(re co)-4(m)10(p)-4(lex)-4( to)-4(po)-4(log)-4(y)2( th)-4(at u)-4(s)-1(es an)-4( )]TJ
-0.0017 Tc 0.5242 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(ad)-5(d)-5(ition)-5(a)-1(l )6(p)-5(hysical )-6(m)10(e)-7(m)10(o)-5(ry o)-5(n)1( a )6(sep)-5(a)5(rate bu)-5(s. The )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.0987 Tw T*
[(p)-4(o)-4(t)1(en)-4(tial trad)-4(e-off is l)7(o)-4(wer co)-4(st with a single )-6(m)10(e)-7(m)10(o)-4(ry \(a\), )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.4492 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(vers)7(us i)4(m)13(pro)4(v)-2(ed)4( pe)8(rf)5(orm)13(a)2(nce )6(wi)4(t)4(h)-2( a s)7(econ)4(d)-2( m)13(e)-4(m)13(o)-2(ry)4( )]TJ
-0.0022 Tc 0.0576 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(\223clo)-5(s)-2(e\224 to th)-5(e )6(IOC )6(\(b)-5(\). Th)-5(e i)6(m)9(p)-5(act o)-5(n)-5( system)9( fu)-5(n)-5(c)-1(tio)-5(n)-5(a)-1(lity)-5( )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.0001 Tw T*
[(i)4(s)1( al)4(so dem)13(ons)7(t)4(r)-1(at)4(ed by)4( t)10(h)-2(e i)4(n)4(cl)4(usi)4(o)4(n o)4(f)-1( )6(di)4(f)5(f)-1(e)8(r)-1(ent)4( )6(IOC)4(s)1( )6(wi)4(t)4(h)4( )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc -0.0031 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(th)-4(e )-6(correspon)-4(din)-4(g)-4( fix)-4(e)5(d)-4( fun)-4(c)-1(t)7(i)1(o)-4(n)-4(a)-1(lity. )-6( )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0002 Tc -0.0002 Tw 12 0 0 12 54 299.22 Tm
[(4. )-350(Scenario-B)7(ased Performance Evaluation )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0019 Tc 0.2691 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 287.4 Tm
[(A key)5( cont)10(ri)4(b)5(u)-1(t)4(i)4(on )6(of t)4(h)-1(e )6(pr)6(o)5(pose)9(d)-1( t)4(ech)5(ni)4(q)5(u)-1(e i)4(s)2( t)4(h)-1(e )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.5962 Tw 25.1497 42.2575 Td
[(ap)-5(p)-5(lication)-5( of an)-5( ev)-5(al)7(u)-5(a)-1(tio)-5(n)-5( scen)-5(ario)-5( )6(to)-5( id)-5(en)-5(tify a )]TJ
-0.0015 Tc 0.1168 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(ch)-4(aracteristic su)-4(b)-4(s)4(et o)-4(f)-4( )6(fu)-4(n)-4(c)-1(ti)7(o)-4(n)-4(a)-1(lity th)-4(at serv)-4(es as a b)-4(a)-1(sis )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0617 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(for a )6(perform)11(a)-6(nce e)6(v)-3(aluation. )]TJ
12.2994 0 Td
[(Once a sce)6(n)-3(ario is speci)8(fied,)10( )]TJ
0 Tc 0.4506 Tw -12.2994 -1.1497 Td
[(it is used to gene)7(rate a pse)7(u)-3(do-t)8(race. )6(The ope)7(r)-2(ation )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.2577 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(execut)4(i)4(o)4(n c)8(o)-2(st)10(s are )6(deri)4(ve)8(d )6(fr)5(om)13( t)4(h)-2(e reso)4(urce m)13(a)2(ppi)4(n)4(g)-2(,)6( )]TJ
0.0001 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(fr)5(om)13( whi)4(c)2(h a)8( p)4(e)2(rf)5(orm)13(a)2(nce ev)4(al)4(uat)4(i)4(on i)4(s)7( cal)4(cul)4(a)2(t)4(e)2(d. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0009 Tc 0.0005 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 318.24 637.7997 Tm
[(4.1 )-404(Identifying Characteristic Functionality )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0012 Tc 0.0626 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 626.16 Tm
[(Th)-4(e fun)-4(ction)-4(al arch)-4(itecture is in)-4(crem)10(en)-4(tally )-6(refin)-4(e)6(d)-4( i)7(n)-4(to )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.1275 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(the evaluation scenari)8(o)-3( through )]TJ
0.0018 Tc 0.1254 Tw 13.3234 0 Td
[(t)4(h)5(ree l)4(e)3(ve)9(l)4(s)2( of re)9(fi)4(nem)13(e)3(nt)4( )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.1229 Tw -13.3234 -1.1497 Td
[(listed)-5( in)-5( Tab)-5(l)1(e )120(1)-5(.)3( The fi)7(rst step)-5( estab)-5(lish)-5(e)-1(s )6(th)-5(e to)-5(tal set )6(o)-5(f)2( )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.177 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(syste)-7(m)10( fu)-5(n)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-1(lity, b)-5(a)-1(sed)-5( )6(o)-5(n)1( th)-5(e cand)-5(i)1(date arch)-5(itecture. )]TJ
-0.0025 Tc 0.4112 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(Th)-5(e second)-5( step)-5( id)-5(en)-5(tifies )]TJ
-0.0023 Tc 0.411 Tw 12.2695 0 Td
[(a su)-5(bset of th)-5(e )6(f)-5(u)1(n)-5(c)-2(tional)-6( )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.1094 Tw -12.2695 -1.1497 Td
(specification and the start/end )Tj
12.6467 0 Td
[(nodes )6(for the scenario. The )]TJ
-0.0011 Tc 0.0026 Tw -12.6467 -1.1497 Td
[(last step)-4( is a d)-4(e)6(tailed)-4( an)-4(alysis o)-4(f)-3( t)7(h)-4(e fun)-4(ctio)-4(nal sp)-4(ecificatio)-4(n)8( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0017 Tw T*
[(that res)6(u)-3(lts in a)7(n)-3( e)7(v)-3(aluation sc)7(enari)8(o)-3( [13]. T)6(h)3(e case study in )]TJ
-0.0017 Tc 0.6319 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(Sectio)-5(n)-5( 5)-5( qu)-5(an)-5(titativ)-5(ely )-6(d)-5(e)-1(m)10(o)-5(n)-5(s)-2(trates th)-5(e fu)-5(n)-5(c)5(tio)-5(n)-5(a)-1(l)7( )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0018 Tw T*
[(architecture a )6(designer nee)6(d)-3(s)6( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 11.8084 0 Td
[(to c)7(o)-3(nsider in )6(each ste)7(p)-3(. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0005 Tc 0.4052 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 318.24 507.1797 Tm
[(4.2 Scenario )404(Specification )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0013 Tc 0.0208 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 495.54 Tm
[(In)-4(t)7(u)-4(itiv)-4(ely, an)-4( ev)-4(alu)-4(a)-1(tion)-4( scen)-4(ari)7(o)-4( correspon)-4(d)-4(s)-1( t)7(o)-4( a walk )]TJ
-0.0017 Tc 0.602 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(th)-5(ro)-5(ugh)-5( th)-5(e co)-5(llectio)-5(n)-5( of CFGs th)-5(at ex)-5(presses th)-5(e )]TJ
-0.0009 Tc 0.6192 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(functional architecture. T)5(h)-4(e e)6(v)-4(aluation scena)6(r)-3(io )6(was)-7( )]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.4346 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(in)-5(trodu)-5(ced)-5( in th)-5(e co)-5(n)-5(tex)-5(t o)-5(f)-4( so)-5(ftware p)-5(r)2(o)-5(g)1(ram)9(s)-2( in)-5( a )]TJ
0.0018 Tc -0.0003 Tw T*
[(pre)9(v)-1(i)4(o)5(us )6(w)5(o)-1(r)6(k)-1( )6([1)5(3])6(. )6(Im)13(port)4(a)3(nt)10( det)4(a)3(i)4(l)4(s)2( are)9( su)5(m)7(m)7(a)3(ri)4(zed here)9(. )]TJ
0 Tc 0.3428 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(To s)6(p)-3(ecify a)7( scenari)8(o)-3(, t)8(h)-3(e)7( start and end nodes a)7(r)-2(e )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.0252 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(identified, and each control fl)9(ow)]TJ
0.0003 Tc 13.1198 0 Td
[( e)7(dge is annotated with the)7( )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.1528 Tw -13.1198 -1.1497 Td
[(n)-5(u)-5(m)10(b)-5(e)-1(r )6(o)-5(f)-4( times it is trav)-5(ersed)-5( in)-5( t)7(h)-5(e )6(walk. On)-5(ly con)-5(t)1(ro)-5(l )]TJ
-0.0018 Tc 0.1769 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(flow op)-5(erati)7(o)-5(ns, i.e. tho)-5(s)-2(e )6(with)-5( m)10(u)-5(lt)-5(ip)-5(le o)-5(u)-5(t)1(bo)-5(und)-5( ed)-5(g)-5(e)-1(s, )]TJ
-0.0015 Tc 0.003 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(n)-4(eed exp)-4(licit an)-4(no)-4(tatio)-4(n. )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.4026 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(User understa)7(nda)7(ble )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0025 Tc 0 Tw 9.2335 0 Td
[(c)9(o)6(nst)5(r)8(ai)5(nt)5(s)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0004 Tc 0.4031 Tw 4.4311 0 Td
[( a)6(r)-3(e a)6(ss)6(o)-3(ciated )6(with )]TJ
0.0009 Tc 0.2162 Tw -14.8862 -1.1437 Td
[(no)4(des)7( an)4(d e)8(x)4(press)7( )6(dat)3(a)2(fl)3(o)4(w)5( fact)3(s,)5( e.)5(g. \223a)8(= 0\224)8( o)4(r)-1( \223)8(b)-2(<)8(2)4(\224. )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0678 Tw T*
[(They are e)6(x)3(pre)6(ssed in term)11(s )-6(of t)8(h)-3(e functional specification )]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.6442 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(an)-5(d)-5( are in)-5(terpreted)-5( acco)-5(r)2(d)-5(ing)-5( to)-5( th)-5(e se)-7(m)9(a)-1(n)-5(tics o)-5(f)2( )]TJ
-0.0022 Tc 0.0516 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(o)-5(p)-5(e)5(ration)-5(s)-2(. In)-5( th)-5(is si)-6(m)9(p)-5(lified)-5( ex)-5(p)-5(lan)-5(ation)-5(,)-4( ed)-5(g)-5(e)-1( an)-5(no)-5(tatio)-5(ns )]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0.9999 Tw T*
[(are e)8(qui)10(val)4(e)2(nt)4( t)4(o)-1( )6(co)5(ns)8(t)4(r)-1(ai)4(ni)4(n)5(g)-1( c)8(ont)10(rol)4( )6(o)5(p)-1(erat)4(i)4(o)5(n)5( )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0018 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(pre)6(d)-3(icates [13]. )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.0431 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(The flow of scenari)9(o)-3( specifi)]TJ
-0.0018 Tc 0.0452 Tw 11.3892 0 Td
[(catio)-5(n)-5( is sh)-5(own in)-5( Fig)-5(u)-5(r)-4(e 3. )]TJ
-0.0012 Tc 0.2961 Tw -12.6108 -1.1497 Td
[(At th)-4(e start of detailed)-4( p)-4(at)7(h)-4( an)-4(alysis, the d)-4(esi)7(g)-4(n)-4(e)6(r )6(h)-4(a)6(s )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.0962 Tw T*
[(i)4(d)-2(ent)4(i)4(f)-1(i)4(e)2(d a set)4( of C)3(FGs t)4(o)-2( a)8(n)-2(al)4(y)4(ze, and )6(pr)5(ovi)10(des t)4(h)-2(e st)4(ar)5(t )]TJ
0.0006 Tc 0.1745 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(and e)7(n)4(d nodes)7( of the scena)7(r)4(io. T)7(o)-2( de)7(fine )6(a scenari)9(o)-2(, the)7( )]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
/CS0 CS 0 0 0 SCN
0.18 w 10 M 1 j 1 J []0 d
114.66 246.66 m
118.02 246.66 l
120.48 246.48 l
122.82 245.94 l
125.04 244.92 l
127.08 243.6 l
128.82 241.98 l
130.32 240.18 l
127.2 238.02 l
135.6 239.04 l
139.86 246.48 l
136.74 244.32 l
135 246.54 l
133.08 248.46 l
130.92 250.2 l
128.58 251.64 l
126.18 252.72 l
123.54 253.62 l
120.78 254.16 l
118.02 254.28 l
114.66 254.28 l
114.66 246.66 l
h
B*
0.6 w 0 j 0 J
158.46 106.08 22.86 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0056 Tc 0 Tw 7.62 0 0 7.62 163.14 119.7597 Tm
[(IO)12(C)]TJ
0 Tc 0.6142 -1.1968 Td
(2)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
120.36 136.5 30.48 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0056 Tc 7.62 0 0 7.62 127.56 145.6197 Tm
[(CP)-8(U)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
86.16 106.08 34.2 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
7.62 0 0 7.62 92.16 119.7597 Tm
[(DR)-8(AM)]TJ
0 Tc 1.1732 -1.1968 Td
(2)Tj
ET
1.02 w 1 j 1 J
158.46 147.84 m
150.84 147.84 l
158.46 117.42 m
135.6 117.42 l
135.6 136.5 l
158.46 117.42 m
120.36 117.42 l
S
1 1 1 scn
0.6 w 0 j 0 J
158.46 182.1 22.86 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0056 Tc 7.62 0 0 7.62 163.14 195.7797 Tm
[(IO)12(C)]TJ
0 Tc 0.6142 -1.1968 Td
(1)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
0.753 0.753 0.753 SCN
1.02 w
120.36 212.52 30.48 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT4 1 Tf
-0.0056 Tc 7.62 0 0 7.62 127.56 221.5803 Tm
[(CP)-8(U)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
0 0 0 SCN
0.6 w
158.46 212.52 34.32 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
7.62 0 0 7.62 164.46 226.1997 Tm
[(DR)-8(AM)]TJ
0 Tc 1.189 -1.1969 Td
(1)Tj
ET
1.02 w 1 j 1 J
158.46 223.86 m
150.84 223.86 l
158.46 193.44 m
135.6 193.44 l
135.6 212.52 l
S
BT
/TT5 1 Tf
-0.0023 Tc 7.62 0 0 7.62 169.56 172.201 Tm
[(\(a)-5(\))]TJ
-0.0315 -9.9764 Td
[(\(b)-6(\))]TJ
ET
0 0 1 SCN
0.18 w
86.58 151.68 m
103.2 128.88 l
S
1 1 1 scn
65.64 151.68 m
65.82 153.24 l
66.42 154.74 l
67.38 156.24 l
68.7 157.56 l
70.32 158.88 l
72.36 160.02 l
74.46 161.04 l
76.92 161.82 l
79.56 162.42 l
82.26 162.84 l
85.14 163.02 l
87.96 163.02 l
90.84 162.84 l
93.54 162.42 l
96.18 161.82 l
98.64 161.04 l
100.86 160.02 l
102.78 158.88 l
104.52 157.56 l
105.84 156.24 l
106.74 154.74 l
107.4 153.24 l
107.58 151.68 l
107.4 150.06 l
106.74 148.56 l
105.84 147.12 l
104.52 145.74 l
102.78 144.48 l
100.86 143.4 l
98.64 142.38 l
96.18 141.54 l
93.54 140.94 l
90.84 140.58 l
87.96 140.34 l
85.14 140.34 l
82.26 140.58 l
79.56 140.94 l
76.92 141.54 l
74.46 142.38 l
72.36 143.4 l
70.32 144.48 l
68.7 145.74 l
67.38 147.12 l
66.42 148.56 l
65.82 150.06 l
65.64 151.68 l
h
B*
0 0 1 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0022 Tc 6.78 0 0 6.78 71.64 153.7166 Tm
[(Add)10(i)-6(tiona)10(l)]TJ
0.0166 Tc 0.3894 -1.1947 Td
[(me)15(m)-9(o)24(r)13(y)]TJ
ET
0.753 0.753 0.753 scn
237.12 183.9 m
267.54 183.9 l
269.16 184.14 l
270.84 184.74 l
272.22 185.64 l
273.48 186.84 l
274.38 188.28 l
274.98 189.9 l
275.16 191.52 l
274.98 193.26 l
274.38 194.88 l
273.48 196.26 l
272.22 197.52 l
270.84 198.42 l
269.16 199.02 l
267.54 199.14 l
237.12 199.14 l
235.38 199.02 l
233.76 198.42 l
232.32 197.52 l
231.12 196.26 l
230.16 194.88 l
229.68 193.26 l
229.5 191.52 l
229.68 189.9 l
230.16 188.28 l
231.12 186.84 l
232.32 185.64 l
233.76 184.74 l
235.38 184.14 l
237.12 183.9 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
0 0 0 SCN
0.6 w
235.68 208.68 m
265.14 208.68 l
266.88 208.86 l
268.5 209.46 l
269.88 210.36 l
271.14 211.5 l
272.04 213 l
272.52 214.62 l
272.76 216.24 l
272.52 217.98 l
272.04 219.6 l
271.14 221.04 l
269.88 222.24 l
268.5 223.14 l
266.88 223.68 l
265.14 223.86 l
235.68 223.86 l
233.94 223.68 l
232.32 223.14 l
230.88 222.24 l
229.68 221.04 l
228.78 219.6 l
228.18 217.98 l
228.06 216.24 l
228.18 214.62 l
228.78 213 l
229.68 211.5 l
230.88 210.36 l
232.32 209.46 l
233.94 208.86 l
235.68 208.68 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0042 Tc 0.0098 Tw 7.62 0 0 7.62 232.2 214.0197 Tm
[(De)-15(v)8( Drvr 1)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
235.14 185.88 m
265.62 185.88 l
267.36 186.06 l
268.86 186.66 l
270.42 187.56 l
271.62 188.7 l
272.46 190.2 l
273.06 191.82 l
273.24 193.44 l
273.06 195.18 l
272.46 196.8 l
271.62 198.24 l
270.42 199.44 l
268.86 200.34 l
267.36 200.82 l
265.62 201.06 l
235.14 201.06 l
233.46 200.82 l
231.78 200.34 l
230.4 199.44 l
229.14 198.24 l
228.24 196.8 l
227.76 195.18 l
227.52 193.44 l
227.76 191.82 l
228.24 190.2 l
229.14 188.7 l
230.4 187.56 l
231.78 186.66 l
233.46 186.06 l
235.14 185.88 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0044 Tc 0.0012 Tw 7.62 0 0 7.62 231.42 191.2197 Tm
[(I/)7(O)11( Func. )8(1)]TJ
ET
250.38 201.06 m
252.3 205.44 l
248.46 204.3 l
250.38 208.68 l
250.38 223.86 m
252.3 228.24 l
248.46 227.1 l
250.38 231.48 l
S
1 1 1 scn
0.753 0.753 0.753 SCN
1.02 w
242.76 231.48 m
258 231.48 l
259.74 231.66 l
261.24 232.26 l
262.8 233.16 l
264 234.3 l
264.84 235.8 l
265.44 237.42 l
265.62 239.04 l
265.44 240.78 l
264.84 242.4 l
264 243.84 l
262.8 245.04 l
261.24 245.94 l
259.74 246.48 l
258 246.66 l
242.76 246.66 l
241.08 246.48 l
239.4 245.94 l
238.02 245.04 l
236.76 243.84 l
235.86 242.4 l
235.38 240.78 l
235.14 239.04 l
235.38 237.42 l
235.86 235.8 l
236.76 234.3 l
238.02 233.16 l
239.4 232.26 l
241.08 231.66 l
242.76 231.48 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT4 1 Tf
-0.0062 Tc 0 Tw 7.62 0 0 7.62 244.92 236.7603 Tm
(OS)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
0 0 0 SCN
0.6 w 0 j 0 J
67.02 246.66 38.1 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0054 Tc 0.0108 Tw 6.78 0 0 6.78 76.08 260.1566 Tm
[(CP)-11(U)-9( 2)]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.004 Tw -0.5664 -1.1947 Td
[(\()7(66 M)11(H)7(z)6(\))]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
74.64 227.7 38.1 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0054 Tc 0.0108 Tw 6.78 0 0 6.78 83.7 241.0766 Tm
[(CP)-11(U)-9( 1)]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.004 Tw -0.5664 -1.1947 Td
[(\()7(33 M)11(H)7(z)6(\))]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
158.46 136.5 34.32 22.8 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0056 Tc 0 Tw 7.62 0 0 7.62 164.46 150.1797 Tm
[(DR)-8(AM)]TJ
0 Tc 1.189 -1.1969 Td
(1)Tj
ET
0.753 0.753 0.753 scn
236.1 107.94 m
266.52 107.94 l
268.26 108.12 l
269.88 108.72 l
271.32 109.62 l
272.52 110.88 l
273.48 112.26 l
273.96 113.88 l
274.14 115.5 l
273.96 117.24 l
273.48 118.86 l
272.52 120.3 l
271.32 121.5 l
269.88 122.4 l
268.26 123 l
266.52 123.12 l
236.1 123.12 l
234.42 123 l
232.8 122.4 l
231.3 121.5 l
230.16 120.3 l
229.26 118.86 l
228.66 117.24 l
228.48 115.5 l
228.66 113.88 l
229.26 112.26 l
230.16 110.88 l
231.3 109.62 l
232.8 108.72 l
234.42 108.12 l
236.1 107.94 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
1 j 1 J
234.66 132.66 m
264.24 132.66 l
265.92 132.84 l
267.48 133.44 l
268.98 134.34 l
270.12 135.48 l
271.02 136.98 l
271.62 138.6 l
271.86 140.22 l
271.62 141.96 l
271.02 143.58 l
270.12 145.02 l
268.98 146.22 l
267.48 147.12 l
265.92 147.66 l
264.24 147.84 l
234.66 147.84 l
232.92 147.66 l
231.42 147.12 l
229.86 146.22 l
228.78 145.02 l
227.82 143.58 l
227.22 141.96 l
227.04 140.22 l
227.22 138.6 l
227.82 136.98 l
228.78 135.48 l
229.86 134.34 l
231.42 133.44 l
232.92 132.84 l
234.66 132.66 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0042 Tc 0.0098 Tw 7.62 0 0 7.62 231.18 137.9997 Tm
[(De)-15(v)8( Drvr 2)]TJ
ET
249.48 125.04 m
251.34 129.42 l
247.56 128.28 l
249.48 132.66 l
249.48 147.84 m
251.34 152.22 l
247.56 151.08 l
249.48 155.46 l
S
1 1 1 scn
0.753 0.753 0.753 SCN
1.02 w
241.86 155.46 m
257.1 155.46 l
258.72 155.64 l
260.34 156.24 l
261.78 157.2 l
262.98 158.28 l
263.88 159.78 l
264.54 161.4 l
264.72 163.02 l
264.54 164.76 l
263.88 166.38 l
262.98 167.82 l
261.78 169.02 l
260.34 169.92 l
258.72 170.46 l
257.1 170.64 l
241.86 170.64 l
240.12 170.46 l
238.5 169.92 l
237.12 169.02 l
235.86 167.82 l
234.96 166.38 l
234.36 164.76 l
234.24 163.02 l
234.36 161.4 l
234.96 159.78 l
235.86 158.28 l
237.12 157.2 l
238.5 156.24 l
240.12 155.64 l
241.86 155.46 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT4 1 Tf
-0.0062 Tc 0 Tw 7.62 0 0 7.62 243.9 160.7403 Tm
(OS)Tj
ET
0 0 1 SCN
0.18 w
94.2 197.28 m
120.36 223.86 l
S
1 1 1 scn
63.72 197.28 m
63.9 199.02 l
64.5 200.64 l
65.4 202.26 l
66.72 203.88 l
68.34 205.44 l
70.38 206.7 l
72.66 208.02 l
75.18 209.16 l
78 210.18 l
80.94 210.96 l
84.12 211.62 l
87.48 212.1 l
90.84 212.4 l
94.2 212.52 l
97.62 212.4 l
100.98 212.1 l
104.22 211.62 l
107.46 210.96 l
110.4 210.18 l
113.16 209.16 l
115.8 208.02 l
118.02 206.7 l
120 205.44 l
121.68 203.88 l
123 202.26 l
123.96 200.64 l
124.44 199.02 l
124.62 197.28 l
124.44 195.6 l
123.96 193.86 l
123 192.24 l
121.68 190.74 l
120 189.18 l
118.02 187.8 l
115.8 186.54 l
113.16 185.34 l
110.4 184.44 l
107.46 183.6 l
104.22 182.94 l
100.98 182.52 l
97.62 182.22 l
94.2 182.1 l
90.84 182.22 l
87.48 182.52 l
84.12 182.94 l
80.94 183.6 l
78 184.44 l
75.18 185.34 l
72.66 186.54 l
70.38 187.8 l
68.34 189.18 l
66.72 190.74 l
65.4 192.24 l
64.5 193.86 l
63.9 195.6 l
63.72 197.28 l
h
B*
0 0 1 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0041 Tc 6.78 0 0 6.78 81.36 203.3966 Tm
[(D)10(i)-4(ffer)10(e)3(n)12(t)]TJ
0.0015 Tc -1.7788 -1.1947 Td
[(im)-24(plem)-15(en)9(t)-13(a)9(ti)-6(o)9(ns)]TJ
0.0035 Tc 0.0019 Tw 0.6991 -1.1947 Td
[(of s)-10(u)11(bsy)8(s)-10(tem)]TJ
ET
227.52 121.32 m
204.66 242.88 l
199.02 254.28 m
229.86 199.14 l
S
1 1 1 scn
163.74 254.28 m
163.98 255.48 l
164.46 256.68 l
165.48 257.82 l
166.8 258.9 l
168.42 259.92 l
170.46 260.94 l
172.8 261.96 l
175.44 262.74 l
178.26 263.46 l
181.32 264.18 l
184.68 264.72 l
188.04 265.08 l
191.7 265.38 l
195.24 265.62 l
199.02 265.68 l
202.68 265.62 l
206.34 265.38 l
209.88 265.08 l
213.3 264.72 l
216.6 264.18 l
219.72 263.46 l
222.54 262.74 l
225.12 261.96 l
227.46 260.94 l
229.5 259.92 l
231.18 258.9 l
232.5 257.82 l
233.46 256.68 l
234.06 255.48 l
234.24 254.28 l
234.06 253.02 l
233.46 251.94 l
232.5 250.74 l
231.18 249.6 l
229.5 248.58 l
227.46 247.56 l
225.12 246.66 l
222.54 245.82 l
219.72 245.04 l
216.6 244.44 l
213.3 243.84 l
209.88 243.42 l
206.34 243.12 l
202.68 242.88 l
195.24 242.88 l
191.7 243.12 l
188.04 243.42 l
184.68 243.84 l
181.32 244.44 l
178.26 245.04 l
175.44 245.82 l
172.8 246.66 l
170.46 247.56 l
168.42 248.58 l
166.8 249.6 l
165.48 250.74 l
164.46 251.94 l
163.98 253.02 l
163.74 254.28 l
h
B*
0 0 1 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0022 Tc 0 Tw 6.78 0 0 6.78 179.82 256.3167 Tm
[(Functi)-6(o)10(nali)-6(t)-3(y)]TJ
0.003 Tc 0.0024 Tw -1.1416 -1.1947 Td
[(c)-10(h)11(an)11(ges w)17(i)4(t)-11(h)11( I)-11(O)2(C)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
0 0 0 SCN
0.6 w
234.24 109.86 m
264.72 109.86 l
266.34 110.04 l
267.96 110.64 l
269.4 111.54 l
270.6 112.68 l
271.5 114.18 l
272.16 115.8 l
272.34 117.42 l
272.16 119.16 l
271.5 120.78 l
270.6 122.22 l
269.4 123.42 l
267.96 124.32 l
266.34 124.86 l
264.72 125.04 l
234.24 125.04 l
232.5 124.86 l
230.88 124.32 l
229.5 123.42 l
228.24 122.22 l
227.34 120.78 l
226.74 119.16 l
226.62 117.42 l
226.74 115.8 l
227.34 114.18 l
228.24 112.68 l
229.5 111.54 l
230.88 110.64 l
232.5 110.04 l
234.24 109.86 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0044 Tc 0.0012 Tw 7.62 0 0 7.62 230.46 115.1997 Tm
[(I/)7(O)11( Func. )8(2)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 276.3 89.88 Tm
( )Tj
/T1_0 1 Tf
-0.0005 Tc -0.002 Tw -22.1497 -1.5568 Td
[(Figure 2. Variations from )6(subsystems or topology.)8( )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc -0.0022 Tw 26.509 16.1617 Td
[(Table 1. Identifying sub)6(s)5(et of s)5(ystem func)5(tionality)5(. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
-0.0013 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 339.72 218.0466 Tm
[(Ste)-4(p)2( )]TJ
ET
329.58 227.4 220.86 0.48 re
f
329.58 216.06 0.48 11.34 re
f
411.48 216.06 0.48 11.34 re
f
469.86 216.06 0.48 11.34 re
f
549.96 216.06 0.48 11.34 re
f
BT
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0005 Tc 0.0028 Tw 9 0 0 9 339.72 205.2066 Tm
(What is it? )Tj
0.0034 Tc 0 Tw 8.6 1.4267 Td
[(Ho)10(w )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0 -1.1467 TD
[(formed)4(? )]TJ
0.0006 Tc 0.4561 Tw 6.4867 1.1467 Td
[(Ho)7(w)-11( is )-7(designer)5( )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0 Tw T*
(guided? )Tj
ET
329.58 214.56 0.48 1.5 re
f
330.06 215.58 81.42 0.48 re
f
411.48 214.56 0.48 1.5 re
f
469.86 214.56 0.48 1.5 re
f
549.96 214.56 0.48 1.5 re
f
329.58 203.22 0.48 11.34 re
f
411.48 203.22 0.48 11.34 re
f
469.86 203.22 0.48 11.34 re
f
549.96 203.22 0.48 11.34 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0004 Tc 0.0029 Tw 9 0 0 9 335.22 192.5403 Tm
[(1: Functio)7(nal )]TJ
0.0017 Tc 0 Tw 0.8 -1.1467 Td
[(archi)6(tec)6(ture )]TJ
ET
329.58 201.72 0.48 1.5 re
f
330.06 202.74 81.42 0.48 re
f
330.06 201.78 81.42 0.48 re
f
411.48 201.72 0.48 0.06 re
f
411.48 202.74 1.44 0.48 re
f
411.48 201.78 1.44 0.48 re
f
412.92 202.74 56.94 0.48 re
f
412.92 201.78 56.94 0.48 re
f
469.86 201.72 0.48 0.06 re
f
469.86 202.74 1.44 0.48 re
f
469.86 201.78 1.44 0.48 re
f
471.3 202.74 78.66 0.48 re
f
471.3 201.78 78.66 0.48 re
f
549.96 201.72 0.48 1.5 re
f
329.58 180 0.48 21.72 re
f
411.48 180 0.48 21.72 re
f
469.86 180 0.48 21.72 re
f
549.96 180 0.48 21.72 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0.0033 Tw 9 0 0 9 342.42 169.3203 Tm
(Set of CFGs )Tj
0 Tw 8.3 2.58 Td
(Design )Tj
0.0005 Tc T*
(exploration )Tj
0 Tc 0 -1.1533 TD
(framework )Tj
6.4867 2.3 Td
(Component )Tj
0.0018 Tc 0 -1.1467 TD
[(s)4(p)2(ecifi)6(cat)6(ions)4(, )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.003 Tw 0 -1.1533 TD
[(resource mappin)7(g )]TJ
ET
329.58 178.5 0.48 1.5 re
f
330.06 179.52 81.42 0.48 re
f
411.48 178.5 0.48 1.5 re
f
469.86 178.5 0.48 1.5 re
f
549.96 178.5 0.48 1.5 re
f
329.58 167.16 0.48 11.34 re
f
411.48 167.16 0.48 11.34 re
f
469.86 167.16 0.48 11.34 re
f
549.96 167.16 0.48 11.34 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0014 Tc 0.0019 Tw 9 0 0 9 335.22 156.4803 Tm
[(2: Iden)8(tif)8(y)-5( )7(relev)8(a)-1(nt )]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw 0.8 -1.1467 Td
(subset )Tj
ET
329.58 165.66 0.48 1.5 re
f
330.06 166.68 81.42 0.48 re
f
330.06 165.72 81.42 0.48 re
f
411.48 165.66 0.48 0.06 re
f
411.48 166.68 1.44 0.48 re
f
411.48 165.72 1.44 0.48 re
f
412.92 166.68 56.94 0.48 re
f
412.92 165.72 56.94 0.48 re
f
469.86 165.66 0.48 0.06 re
f
469.86 166.68 1.44 0.48 re
f
469.86 165.72 1.44 0.48 re
f
471.3 166.68 78.66 0.48 re
f
471.3 165.72 78.66 0.48 re
f
549.96 165.66 0.48 1.5 re
f
329.58 143.94 0.48 21.72 re
f
411.48 143.94 0.48 21.72 re
f
469.86 143.94 0.48 21.72 re
f
549.96 143.94 0.48 21.72 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0003 Tc 0.003 Tw 9 0 0 9 342.42 133.2603 Tm
(Subset of CFGs, )Tj
0.0013 Tc 0.002 Tw 0 -1.1467 TD
[(plus)4( s)4(t)-1(art)6( and)8( en)8(d )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0 Tw T*
(nodes )Tj
8.3 4.8733 Td
(Problem )Tj
0.0001 Tc T*
(domain )Tj
0.0011 Tc 0 -1.1533 TD
[(identif)7(ies )]TJ
0.0009 Tc 0 -1.1467 TD
[(inter)7(e)-2(sting )]TJ
0.001 Tc 0 -1.1533 TD
(behavior )Tj
-0.0002 Tc 0.0035 Tw 6.4867 4.6 Td
[(Important s)9(y)-13(s)9(t)-2(em )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.1467 TD
(goals, )Tj
0.0007 Tc 0.0026 Tw 0 -1.1533 TD
[(understanding)7( of)7( )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.1467 TD
[(function)8(a)-1(l )]TJ
0.0019 Tc 0 -1.1533 TD
[(s)4(p)2(ecifi)6(cat)6(ion. )]TJ
ET
329.58 142.44 0.48 1.5 re
f
330.06 143.46 81.42 0.48 re
f
411.48 142.44 0.48 1.5 re
f
469.86 142.44 0.48 1.5 re
f
549.96 142.44 0.48 1.5 re
f
329.58 110.4 0.48 32.04 re
f
411.48 110.4 0.48 32.04 re
f
469.86 110.4 0.48 32.04 re
f
549.96 110.4 0.48 32.04 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0026 Tc 0.0007 Tw 9 0 0 9 335.22 99.7203 Tm
[(3: S)5(p)3(ec)6(if)9(y s)5(c)6(ena)6(r)2(io )]TJ
ET
329.58 108.9 0.48 1.5 re
f
330.06 109.92 81.42 0.48 re
f
330.06 108.96 81.42 0.48 re
f
411.48 108.9 0.48 0.06 re
f
411.48 109.92 1.44 0.48 re
f
411.48 108.96 1.44 0.48 re
f
412.92 109.92 56.94 0.48 re
f
412.92 108.96 56.94 0.48 re
f
469.86 108.9 0.48 0.06 re
f
469.86 109.92 1.44 0.48 re
f
469.86 108.96 1.44 0.48 re
f
471.3 109.92 78.66 0.48 re
f
471.3 108.96 78.66 0.48 re
f
549.96 108.9 0.48 1.5 re
f
329.58 97.56 0.48 11.34 re
f
411.48 97.56 0.48 11.34 re
f
469.86 97.56 0.48 11.34 re
f
549.96 97.56 0.48 11.34 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0006 Tc 0.0039 Tw 9 0 0 9 342.42 87.9003 Tm
(A control flow )Tj
-0.0005 Tc 0 -1.1467 TD
(walk on CFGs )Tj
0.0008 Tc 0 Tw 8.3 2.46 Td
(Detailed )Tj
0.0014 Tc 0.0019 Tw T*
[(s)4(ource cod)8(e)-1( )]TJ
0.0033 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.1533 TD
[(anal)8(ys)6(is)6( )]TJ
0.0019 Tc 6.4867 2.3 Td
[(S)5(cenario)9( )]TJ
0.0017 Tc 0.0016 Tw 0 -1.1467 TD
[(s)4(p)2(ecifi)6(cat)6(ion f)8(lo)8(w)4( )]TJ
ET
329.58 97.08 82.38 0.48 re
f
469.86 97.08 0.48 0.48 re
f
549.96 97.08 0.48 0.48 re
f
329.58 74.88 0.48 22.2 re
f
330.06 74.88 81.42 0.48 re
f
411.48 74.88 0.48 22.2 re
f
411.96 74.88 57.9 0.48 re
f
469.86 74.88 0.48 22.2 re
f
470.34 74.88 79.62 0.48 re
f
549.96 74.88 0.48 22.2 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 315.72 65.52 Tm
( )Tj
ET
q /GS1 gs
/Fm0 Do
Q
endstream
endobj
10 0 obj
<<
/Type /Page
/Parent 31 0 R
/Resources << /ColorSpace << /CS0 114 0 R /CS1 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS0 116 0 R /GS1 128 0 R >>
/Font << /TT0 123 0 R /TT1 120 0 R /TT2 117 0 R /C2_0 155 0 R /TT3 152 0 R
/T1_0 127 0 R >>
/XObject << /Fm0 185 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >>
/Contents 12 1 R
/MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/Rotate 0
>>
endobj
12 1 obj
<< /Length 186 0 R >>
stream
/CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn
1 i
/RelativeColorimetric ri
/GS0 gs
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
10.02 0 0 10.02 54 746.8201 Tm
( )Tj
1.2216 -70.7066 Td
( )Tj
-0.0003 Tc 0.0317 Tw -1.2216 67.1138 Td
[(designer )6(needs)6( to c)6(o)3(nstrain al)]TJ
11.9222 0 Td
[(l control)8( opera)6(tion )6(pre)6(d)-3(icates. )]TJ
-0.0023 Tc 0.1236 Tw -11.9222 -1.1497 Td
[(An in)-5(itial p)-5(r)1(u)-5(n)1(in)-5(g)-5( cycle an)-5(alyzes th)-5(e con)-5(tro)-5(l d)-5(e)4(p)-5(e)4(n)-5(d)-5(e)4(n)-5(c)-2(es )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.2828 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(betwee)7(n the)7( s)6(t)3(art and end )6(nodes a)7(n)3(d e)7(x)-3(tracts predicate)7( )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0079 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(constraints t)8(h)-3(at are the)6(n)-3( a)6(p)3(plie)]TJ
-0.0025 Tc 0.01 Tw 12.2216 0 Td
[(d)-5( to th)-5(e CFG. Based)-5( )6(on)-5( th)-5(ese )]TJ
-0.0007 Tc 0.086 Tw -12.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(constraints, nodes a)6(r)-3(e )6(pruned )]TJ
0.0017 Tc 0.0836 Tw 12.2275 0 Td
[(fr)5(om)13( t)4(h)-1(e C)4(F)1(G)5( an)5(d )6(dat)4(a)2( fl)10(ow)5( )]TJ
-0.001 Tc 0.5235 Tw -12.2275 -1.1437 Td
[(facts are)6( )6(propagate)6(d)-4(. A prun)]TJ
-0.003 Tc 0.5255 Tw 13.4192 0 Td
[(ed)-6( co)-6(n)-6(t)5(r)-5(o)-6(l)5( op)-6(er)-5(ation is )]TJ
-0.0021 Tc 0.0036 Tw -13.4192 -1.1497 Td
[(co)-5(nsid)-5(er)-4(ed)-5( constr)-4(ain)-5(e)-1(d. )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.497 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(If )-6(t)10(h)-1(e dat)4(a)2( fl)4(o)5(w)-1( )-6(fact)4( p)5(r)5(opa)8(gat)4(i)4(o)5(n res)7(u)-1(l)4(t)4(s)1( )-6(i)4(n)-1( new )]TJ
0.0018 Tc 0.3769 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(con)5(s)2(t)4(rai)4(nt)4(s o)5(n)5( any)5( cont)10(rol)10( ope)9(rat)4(i)4(o)-1(n)5(s)2(, t)10(h)-1(en s)8(u)5(bse)9(que)9(nt)4( )]TJ
-0.0018 Tc 0.3266 Tw T*
[(au)-5(to)-5(m)10(a)-1(tic c)-7(y)1(c)-7(l)1(es co)-5(n)-5(tinu)-5(e)-1( )6(u)-5(n)-5(til no)-5( n)-5(e)5(w co)-5(n)-5(s)-2(t)7(r)-4(ain)-5(t)1(s are )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0558 Tw T*
[(found. )6(If there are a)6(n)-3(y c)6(ont)8(rol )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.0573 Tw 12.8503 0 Td
[(op)-5(eratio)-5(n)-5(s)4( l)7(e)-1(ft to)-5( con)-5(s)-2(train, )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.2579 Tw -12.8503 -1.1437 Td
[(a )-6(m)13(a)2(nual)4( con)4(s)1(t)4(r)-1(ai)4(nt)4( cy)4(cl)4(e begi)4(ns i)4(n)-2( )6(whi)4(c)8(h t)4(h)-2(e desi)10(gne)8(r)5( )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.575 Tw T*
[(pr)5(o)4(v)-2(i)4(d)-2(es a const)10(r)-1(ai)4(nt)4(. U)5(s)1(i)4(ng t)4(h)-2(i)4(s)1( co)4(nst)4(r)-1(ai)4(nt)4(, m)13(o)-2(re)8( )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.4327 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(autom)11(a)1(tic constraint cycles are atte)-5(m)11(p)-3(ted. )6(Whe)7(n)-3( al)8(l )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.9474 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(cont)9(rol operation predic)7(ates are constraine)7(d, the)7( )]TJ
-0.0011 Tc 0.0026 Tw T*
[(sp)-4(ecification)-4( is co)-4(m)10(p)-4(lete. )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.1576 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(Note t)8(h)-3(at key )6(metrics that de)-6(m)11(onstrate the)6( efficacy of )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.2815 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(t)4(h)-2(i)4(s)1( m)13(e)2(t)4(hod a)8(r)-1(e t)4(h)-2(e )6(n)4(u)-2(m)13(b)-2(er of)5( co)4(nt)4(r)5(o)-2(l)4( )6(o)4(p)-2(erat)4(i)4(o)4(n )6(n)4(ode)8(s )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.1288 Tw T*
[(eli)-5(m)4(in)-5(ated)-5( du)-5(e to)-5( prun)-5(ing)-5( )6(\(mo)-5(r)-4(e is )6(b)-5(e)-1(tter\), )6(th)-5(e nu)-5(m)10(b)-5(er of )]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.1951 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(co)-5(nstrain)-5(ts )6(fo)-5(un)-5(d au)-5(t)6(o)-5(m)9(a)-1(tica)-7(l)-6(ly fro)-5(m)9( p)-5(r)2(op)-5(ag)-5(atio)-5(n )6(o)-5(f)-4( )6(d)-5(a)-1(ta )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.2877 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(fl)4(o)4(w)-1( fact)4(s)7( \(m)7(ore)8( i)4(s)1( bet)4(t)4(e)2(r)5(\))-1(,)6( an)4(d t)4(h)-2(e)8( n)4(u)-2(m)7(b)-2(er)5( o)4(f)-1( m)13(a)2(nual)10( )]TJ
0.0017 Tc -0.0002 Tw T*
[(con)5(s)2(t)4(r)-1(ai)4(nt)4(s s)8(u)5(p)5(p)-1(l)4(i)4(e)2(d )6(by)5( t)4(h)-1(e)8( de)8(si)4(gne)8(r )6(\(fe)8(wer)5( i)4(s)2( bet)4(t)4(e)2(r)5(\))-1(. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0006 Tc 0.4051 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 54 453.8397 Tm
[(4.3 Pseudo-Trace )404(Generation )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0.0254 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 442.2 Tm
[(The )6(pseudo-tra)7(ce is gene)7(rated by the )6(walk )6(from)11( the start )]TJ
0.0023 Tc 0.0052 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(no)5(de t)5(o)-1( e)9(nd )6(n)5(o)5(d)-1(e t)5(h)-1(r)6(o)5(ug)5(h t)5(h)-1(e )6(col)5(l)5(ect)5(i)5(on o)5(f C)11(F)2(Gs as )6(defi)5(ne)9(d )]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0.1676 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(by)5( cont)10(rol)4( fl)4(o)5(w)-1( ed)5(ge an)5(not)4(a)8(t)4(i)4(ons. Eac)8(h)-1( re)8(gul)4(a)8(r)-1( o)5(p)-1(erat)4(i)4(o)5(n)5( )]TJ
0.0008 Tc 0.1983 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(has only one )6(out)9(bound c)8(ont)9(rol flow, a)8(nd )6(each reac)8(hable )]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0.0358 Tw T*
[(cont)10(rol)4( o)5(p)-1(e)8(r)-1(at)4(i)4(on i)4(s)2( co)5(nst)4(r)-1(ai)10(n)5(e)2(d t)4(o)-1( desc)8(ri)4(be )6(ho)5(w t)4(o)-1( t)4(r)-1(a)8(v)-1(ers)8(e)2( )]TJ
0.001 Tc 0.0005 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(t)3(h)-2(e ed)4(ges)7(. S)6(u)4(b-)5(scenari)9(o)-2(s i)9(n)-2( a c)8(a)2(l)3(l)3(e)2(d f)5(unct)3(i)3(o)4(n )6(can )6(be )6(reuse)8(d)-2(.)6( )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0001 Tc 0.0013 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 54 369.1797 Tm
[(4.4 )-404(Operation C)-4(o)-3(sts )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0013 Tc 0.0421 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 357.54 Tm
[(The )6(vari)4(a)8(b)-2(l)4(e)2(s )6(use)8(d)-2( i)4(n)-2( t)10(h)-2(e c)8(o)-2(s)7(t)4( )-6(m)13(odel)4( de)8(fi)4(ne)8(d i)4(n)4( Sec.)6( 3)4(.4)4( )]TJ
0.0006 Tc 0.0308 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(are )6(determ)12(ined from)12( com)12(ponen)]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.033 Tw 12.6467 0 Td
[(t pro)-5(p)-5(e)5(rties, )6(th)-5(e arch)-5(itectu)-5(r)2(e )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.096 Tw -12.6467 -1.1497 Td
[(feat)4(ure)8(s)1(, a)8(n)-2(d)4( d)4(e)2(si)4(gne)8(r s)7(u)-2(p)4(p)-2(l)4(i)4(e)8(d )6(val)4(u)-2(es.)6( S)7(o)-2(m)7(e)2( vari)4(a)8(b)-2(l)4(e)2(s are)8( )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.1621 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(sim)13(p)-2(l)4(y)4( dat)4(a)2(bo)4(ok )6(val)4(u)-2(es)7(, s)7(u)-2(c)8(h)-2( as t)4(h)-2(e )6(num)13(ber o)4(f)-1( cy)4(cl)4(es t)4(o)-2( )]TJ
0 Tc -0.0045 Tw 0 -1.1557 TD
(execute a particul)Tj
-0.0012 Tc -0.0033 Tw 7.0419 0 Td
[(ar operation )-6(\()]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 5.3713 0 Td
(n)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0049 Tc 0.0064 Tw 0.503 0 Td
[( an)-8(d )]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 208.44 309.2399 Tm
(core)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
9 0 2.9243 9 203.7 311.4597 Tm
<0057>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0018 Tc -0.0003 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 222.78 311.46 Tm
(\). )Tj
0.0003 Tc 0.091 Tw -15.6228 -1.4192 Td
[(Varia)7(b)-3(les relat)9(e)1(d t)9(o)-3( st)9(ora)7(g)-3(e )6(resource)7( access)6( )6(are )6(derive)7(d )]TJ
0.001 Tc 0.5933 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(fr)5(om)12( t)3(h)-2(e t)3(opol)3(o)4(g)-2(y)4( of t)9(h)-2(e)8( st)3(ruct)3(u)4(r)-1(al)3( archi)3(t)3(ect)3(u)4(r)-1(e i)3(n)4( )]TJ
-0.0021 Tc 0.1353 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(co)-5(m)9(b)-5(in)-5(atio)-5(n)-5( with)-5( d)-5(a)-1(tabo)-5(ok)-5( valu)-5(es. Fo)-5(r ex)-5(am)9(p)-5(le, co)-5(n)-5(s)-2(id)-5(er )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.138 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(t)4(h)-2(e o)4(p)-2(erat)4(i)4(o)4(n )6(\223A = M)4(1)-2( + B)4(\224)2( fr)5(om)13( a soft)4(ware c)8(o)-2(m)13(pone)8(nt)4( )]TJ
-0.0024 Tc 0.3332 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(th)-5(at is bo)-5(und to)-5( th)-5(e co)-5(r)-5(e)-2( )6(p)-5(r)1(o)-5(cesso)-5(r)-5( i)6(n)-5( )6(Fig)-5(u)1(r)-5(e)-2( )335(1)-5(.)-4( )6(The )]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0.2095 Tw 26.3713 45.8683 Td
[(vari)4(a)8(b)-1(l)4(e)2(s A and B)4( are b)5(o)5(u)5(nd t)4(o)-1( )6(regi)4(st)4(er)5( ope)8(rat)4(i)4(ons)8(, and)11( )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.0615 Tw T*
[(varia)7(b)-3(le M1 is a )-6(m)11(e)-5(m)11(o)-3(ry acc)-5(ess bound to stora)7(g)-3(e res)6(o)3(urce)13( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.2951 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(DRAM )299(1. The)7( register acce)7(ss )]TJ
-0.0006 Tc 0.2955 Tw 13.2695 0 Td
[(ti)-4(m)11(e )-6(is \223built in\224 to the )]TJ
0 Tc 0.2949 Tw -13.2695 -1.1497 Td
[(ope)7(ration e)7(x)-3(e)7(c)1(ution tim)11(e. )-6(Howe)7(ver, the)7( m)11(e)-5(m)11(o)-3(ry access )]TJ
-0.0022 Tc 0.0815 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(ti)-6(m)9(e)-1( to)-5( DRAM )78(1)-5( )6(d)-5(e)5(p)-5(e)-1(nd)-5(s )6(on)-5( th)-5(e elem)9(en)-5(ts)-8( trav)-5(ersed)-5( in th)-5(e )]TJ
0.351 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(str)-4(u)-5(ctur)-4(al topo)-5(log)-5(y)1( f)-4(r)2(o)-5(m)9( t)-6(h)]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.3489 Tw 11.8323 0 Td
[(e exec)7(ution )6(resource to the )]TJ
-0.0006 Tc 0.0919 Tw -11.8323 -1.1497 Td
[(stora)6(g)-4(e )6(resource: the CPU i)8(n)]TJ
-0.0012 Tc 0.0925 Tw 12.1737 0 Td
[(tern)-4(al bu)-4(s, the CPU m)10(e)-6(m)10(o)-4(ry)-4( )]TJ
-0.0011 Tc 0.0026 Tw -12.1737 -1.1497 Td
[(co)-4(n)-4(t)7(ro)-4(ller, an)-4(d )6(th)-4(e DR)7(AM )6(1)-4(,)-3( i)7(n)-4( th)-4(is ex)-4(am)10(p)-4(l)1(e. )]TJ
0.0018 Tc 0.2632 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(Gi)4(ve)9(n t)4(h)-1(at)4( pr)6(ocess)8(o)-1(r c)9(o)-1(res)8( t)4(y)5(pi)4(cal)4(ly)5( run)5( an or)6(der )6(of)6( )]TJ
-0.0022 Tc 0.5785 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(mag)-5(n)-5(itu)-5(d)-5(e)5( faster th)-5(an)-5( ex)-5(t)6(e)-1(rn)-5(al )6(bu)-5(s tran)-5(saction)-5(s)-2(, t)6(h)-5(e )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.3983 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(co)-5(nfigu)-5(r)-4(ation)-5( )6(o)-5(f)-4( )6(bu)-5(sses and)-5( m)10(e)-7(m)10(o)-5(ries )-6(ex)-5(tern)-5(al to)-5( the )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.3236 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(pr)5(ocess)7(o)-2(r)5( com)13(p)-2(o)4(n)-2(e)8(n)-2(t)4( t)4(e)2(n)4(d)-2( )6(h)4(a)2(ve a )6(d)4(o)-2(m)13(i)4(nant)4( r)5(o)-2(l)4(e)2( i)4(n)4( an )]TJ
-0.0018 Tc 0.0033 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(o)-5(p)-5(e)5(ration)-5( co)-5(st )6(esti)-5(m)10(a)-1(te. )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.2467 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(The m)12(e)-5(m)12(o)-3(ry access cost )6(for cache)7(d)-3( m)12(e)-5(mory regi)9(ons)6( )]TJ
-0.0023 Tc 0.0757 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(d)-5(e)-2(p)-5(e)4(nd)-5(s )6(dram)9(a)-8(tically o)-5(n)-5( th)-5(e av)-5(erag)-5(e )6(h)-5(it rate. Th)-5(is v)-5(a)4(riab)-5(le )]TJ
-0.0016 Tc 0.1169 Tw T*
[(in)-5( th)-5(e co)-5(st m)10(o)-5(d)-5(e)-1(l is su)-5(pp)-5(lied b)-5(y)1( th)-5(e d)-5(e)-1(signer, an)-5( assu)-5(m)10(p)-5(-)]TJ
0.0016 Tc -0.0001 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(t)4(i)4(on m)13(a)2(de i)4(n)-1( se)8(veral)4( )6(ot)4(he)8(r est)4(i)10(m)7(a)2(t)4(i)4(on t)4(ech)5(ni)4(q)5(u)-1(es )6([1])5([)5(1)5(5])5(. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
-0.0001 Tc 0.3501 Tw 12 0 0 12 318.24 510.36 Tm
[(5. Case )350(Study )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0019 Tc 0.3088 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 498.54 Tm
[(Th)-5(e case study ap)-5(p)-5(lies th)-5(e p)-5(r)2(o)-5(p)1(o)-5(s)-2(ed)-5( tech)-5(n)-5(i)7(q)-5(u)-5(e)-1( to)-5( a )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.1739 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(per)5(f)-1(o)4(r)-1(m)13(a)2(nce )-6(eval)4(uat)4(i)4(o)4(n of s)7(e)2(ve)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.1813 Tw 13.0958 0 Td
[(ral ca)7(ndida)7(t)2(e architecture)7(s )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.174 Tw -13.0958 -1.1437 Td
[(base)8(d o)4(n)-2( t)4(h)-2(e )6(sy)4(st)4(em)13( of Fi)4(g)4(u)-2(re)8( )174(1)4(. Tw)5(o set)10(s)1( of )6(res)7(u)-2(l)4(t)4(s)1( ar)5(e )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.696 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(reporte)7(d)-3(: the)7( effort to )6(specify a sc)7(enari)9(o)-3( and a)-5( )]TJ
-0.0018 Tc 0.0392 Tw T*
[(d)-5(e)-1(m)10(o)-5(n)-5(s)-2(tration)-5( o)-5(f)2( )-6(th)-5(e fid)-5(e)-1(lity o)-5(f)2( )-6(th)-5(e p)-5(e)5(rfo)-5(r)-4(m)10(a)-1(n)-5(ce )-6(ev)-5(alu)-5(a)-1(tion)-5( )]TJ
0.0003 Tc -0.0048 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(acros)6(s diffe)7(rent )-6(architectures. )-6( )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0005 Tc 0.4052 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 318.24 425.5197 Tm
[(5.1 Experiment )404(Setup )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0013 Tc 0.096 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 413.88 Tm
[(The e)8(x)4(peri)4(m)13(e)2(nt)4( consi)10(d)-2(ers)7( a )6(n)4(e)2(t)4(w)-1(o)4(r)-1(k i)10(n)-2(t)4(e)2(r)5(f)-1(a)8(ce base)8(d )6(on )]TJ
0.5572 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(soft)10(ware)8( com)13(p)-2(o)4(n)-2(e)8(n)-2(ts f)5(r)5(o)-2(m)7( )]TJ
-0.0007 Tc 0.5591 Tw 12.6168 0 Td
[(the c)6(o)-4(mm)11(er)-9(cial ope)6(rating )]TJ
0 Tc 0.4266 Tw -12.6168 -1.1497 Td
[(syste)-5(m)11( VxWorks a)7(n)3(d standard )]TJ
-0.0008 Tc 0.4274 Tw 14.1856 0 Td
[(i)8(n)-4(tegrated circuits, i.e. )]TJ
-0.0046 Tc 0.1438 Tw -14.1856 -1.1497 Td
[(h)-8(a)-4(rdw)-7(a)-4(r)-7(e)-4( co)-8(mp)-8(on)-8(en)-8(ts)-5(.)-6( Th)-8(e)-4( )6(CP)-5(U)-7( c)-4(o)-8(mp)-8(on)-8(en)-8(t c)-4(o)-2(n)-8(t)-2(r)-7(i)-2(bu)-8(te)-4(s)-5( )6(a)-10( )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.0239 Tw T*
[(fi)4(xe)8(d t)4(o)5(pol)10(o)5(g)-1(y)5( wi)4(t)4(h)-1( se)8(ver)5(a)2(l)4( s)7(ubsy)5(s)1(t)4(e)2(m)13(s)1( \(see Fi)4(g)5(u)-1(re )30(1)5(b)-1(\))5(. A)5(n)5( )]TJ
0.0777 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(I/)4(O co)5(nt)4(r)5(o)-1(l)4(l)4(e)2(r )6(com)13(pone)8(nt)4( co)5(n)5(t)4(ri)4(but)4(es t)4(o)-1( )6(bo)5(t)4(h)-1( t)4(h)-1(e st)4(r)5(u)-1(ct)4(ur)5(al)4( )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0019 Tw T*
[(architecture a)6(n)3(d the)6( fu)]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.0016 Tw 8.9461 0 Td
[(nctiona)7(l architecture. )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.5543 Tw -7.7245 -1.1437 Td
[(Fix)-5(i)1(ng)-5( th)-5(e fu)-5(n)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-1(l arch)-5(itectu)-5(r)-4(e, th)-5(e two)-5( m)10(a)-1(j)-5(o)-5(r )]TJ
-0.0022 Tc 0.5067 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(str)-4(u)-5(ctur)-4(al v)-5(a)5(r)-4(i)6(atio)-5(n)-5(s)-2( sh)-5(own in)-5( Figu)-5(r)-4(e)5( )503(2 ar)-4(e exp)-5(lor)-4(ed)-5(, )]TJ
-0.0011 Tc 0.0625 Tw T*
[(resu)-4(lting)-4( )-6(i)7(n)-4( fou)-4(r)-3( d)-4(i)7(fferen)-4(t)1( arch)]TJ
-0.0009 Tc 0.0623 Tw 12.3473 0 Td
[(itectu)-4(r)-3(es. Fi)8(rst,)]TJ
6.018 0 Td
[( two)-4( d)-4(i)2(fferen)-4(t)2( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.2053 Tw -18.3653 -1.1437 Td
[(CPU com)11(p)-3(one)7(n)-3(ts that differ )]TJ
0.0005 Tc 0.2046 Tw 12.2994 0 Td
[(in core proce)7(ssor )6(spee)7(d are)7( )]TJ
-0.0017 Tc 0.0331 Tw -12.2994 -1.1497 Td
[(u)-5(s)-2(ed)-5(, )-6(th)-5(e In)-5(tel i9)-5(60)]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw 6.48 0 0 6.48 396.06 291.8997 Tm
(\256)Tj
0.0019 Tc 0.0355 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 400.98 287.4 Tm
[( R)4(P)1( \()6(1)-1(X )6(or )6(33 M)11(Hz c)9(o)-1(r)6(e)3(\) an)5(d R)4(D )6(\(2)5(X)6( )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.1526 Tw -8.2575 -1.1497 Td
[(o)-4(r)-4( )6(6)-4(6)-4( MHz core\). Th)-4(is illu)-4(strates p)-4(opu)-4(lating)-4( a sub)-4(s)-1(ystem )]TJ
0.0005 Tc 0.001 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(with differe)7(n)-2(t com)12(pone)7(nts )-6(as)6( )]TJ
-0.0008 Tc 0.0083 Tw 11.8862 0 Td
[(shown in Figure )12(2\(a)6(\))-3(. )6(Second, )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.515 Tw -11.8862 -1.1497 Td
[(di)4(ffe)8(re)8(nt)4( t)4(o)5(po)5(l)4(ogi)4(es )6(of)5( t)4(h)-1(e)8( st)4(ruct)10(ural)4( a)8(r)5(chi)4(t)4(ect)4(ure a)8(r)-1(e)8( )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.03 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(con)4(s)1(i)4(d)-2(ere)8(d)-2( by)4( addi)10(ng)4( )-6(a )-6(sec)8(o)]TJ
-0.0028 Tc 0.0402 Tw 11.4012 0 Td
[(nd)-6( stor)-5(ag)-6(e r)-5(e)-2(sour)-5(ce \(D)-5(RA)-5(M )42(2\))-5( )]TJ
-0.001 Tc 0.0025 Tw -11.4012 -1.1437 Td
[(sh)-4(own)-4( in Fi)7(g)-4(u)2(re 2\()-3(b\))-3(. )6( )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0006 Tc 0.0008 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 318.24 214.3796 Tm
[(5.2 )-404( Scenario Specification )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0001 Tc 0.6004 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 202.74 Tm
[(The steps of Table )599(1 ar)]TJ
-0.0023 Tc 0.6026 Tw 11.5928 0 Td
[(e ap)-5(p)-5(lied)-5( to id)-5(en)-5(tify a)-8( )]TJ
-0.001 Tc 0.0025 Tw -12.8144 -1.1437 Td
[(ch)-4(aracteristic su)-4(b)-4(s)5(et of system)10( fu)-4(n)-4(ctio)-4(n)-4(ality. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0008 Tc 0.0247 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
(Step 1)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0002 Tc 0.0256 Tw 2.6647 0 Td
[(. The com)11(p)-3(lex functional architecture is delivered )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.0315 Tw -3.8862 -1.1497 Td
[(from)11( the exploration fram)11(ework.)]TJ
-0.0007 Tc 0.0321 Tw 13.1677 0 Td
[( The )6(designer spe)6(cifies the )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0.2995 Tw -13.1677 -1.1437 Td
[(execut)4(i)4(o)4(n )6(reso)4(urce m)13(a)2(ppi)4(n)4(g)4( by)4( )]TJ
-0.0008 Tc 0.3017 Tw 13.9581 0 Td
[(asso)-4(ciating)-4( all so)-4(ft)8(ware )]TJ
0.0018 Tc -0.0003 Tw -13.9581 -1.1497 Td
[(m)13(odul)4(es t)4(o)-1( t)10(h)-1(e )6(core)9( p)5(roce)9(sso)5(r )6(\(t)4(he )6(IOC)10( m)13(a)3(ppi)4(ng i)4(s)8( fi)4(xe)9(d)5(\). )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.1978 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(Ope)8(r)-1(a)8(nds a)8(r)-1(e )6(m)7(a)2(pped t)10(o)-2( t)4(h)-2(e)8( app)4(r)5(op)4(ri)4(at)4(e r)5(e)2(gi)4(st)4(ers a)8(n)-2(d)4( )]TJ
0.2097 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(t)4(h)-2(e DR)4(AM)4( )216(1 )6(st)4(ora)8(g)-2(e res)7(o)4(ur)5(ces, u)4(nde)8(r t)4(h)-2(e)8( gui)10(dance )6(of )6(a )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.3669 Tw T*
[(com)11(p)-3(iler, except that the sh)]TJ
0 Tc 12.485 0 Td
[(are)7(d)-3( m)11(e)-5(m)11(o)-3(ry between the)-5( )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.5184 Tw -12.485 -1.1437 Td
[(d)-5(e)-1(v)-5(i)1(ce )6(d)-5(r)-4(i)7(v)-5(er and)-5( \223I/)7(O)-4( Fu)-5(n)-5(c)-1(tion)-5(a)-1(lity\224 is )-6(m)10(a)-1(p)-5(p)-5(e)-1(d to )]TJ
-0.0024 Tc -0.0021 Tw T*
[(DRAM 2)-5( wh)-5(en)-5( )-6(it )-6(is p)-5(r)-5(esen)-5(t )-6(i)6(n)-5( )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0019 Tw 12.2814 0 Td
[(the)6( structural arc)6(h)-3(itecture. )]TJ
ET
0.902 0.902 0.902 scn
100.5 132.84 m
170.58 132.84 l
171.9 133.08 l
172.98 133.62 l
173.94 134.58 l
174.54 135.72 l
174.72 137.04 l
174.72 239.82 l
174.54 241.14 l
173.94 242.34 l
172.98 243.24 l
171.9 243.78 l
170.58 244.02 l
100.5 244.02 l
99.18 243.78 l
97.98 243.24 l
97.08 242.34 l
96.54 241.14 l
96.3 239.82 l
96.3 137.04 l
96.54 135.72 l
97.08 134.58 l
97.98 133.62 l
99.18 133.08 l
100.5 132.84 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
/CS0 CS 0 0 0 SCN
0.66 w 10 M 0 j 0 J []0 d
104.58 200.76 62.88 22.62 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0048 Tc -0.0053 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 117.3 214.6801 Tm
[(Fi)-7(nd initial)]TJ
0.0052 Tc 0 Tw -0.1752 -1.2044 Td
[(c)-6(onstraint)6(s)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
104.58 175.08 62.88 16.5 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0064 Tc 0.0004 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 108.42 180.9001 Tm
[(C)6(onst)7(r)4(ain C)6(F)4(G)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
104.58 137.04 62.88 28.74 re
B
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0059 Tc -0.0064 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 111.36 153.9001 Tm
(Prune nodes,)Tj
0.0056 Tc 0.0012 Tw -0.4818 -1.2044 Td
[(propagat)6(e f)6(ac)-5(t)-1(s)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
1 j 1 J
103.02 110.22 m
136.02 128.76 l
169.02 110.22 l
136.02 91.68 l
103.02 110.22 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0155 Tc 0 Tw 8.22 0 0 8.22 126.66 117.6601 Tm
[(Mo)-21(r)-18(e)]TJ
0.0052 Tc -1.3139 -1.1971 Td
[(c)-6(onstraint)6(s)]TJ
0.0061 Tc 0.9124 -1.2044 Td
(found?)Tj
ET
0.24 w
103.02 110.22 m
67.38 110.22 l
67.38 183.3 l
100.14 183.3 l
S
99.48 185.88 m
104.58 183.3 l
99.48 180.78 l
99.48 185.88 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
77.7 105.3 16.62 10.44 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0078 Tc 7.38 0 0 7.38 78.6 108.1201 Tm
[(YE)8(S)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
0.66 w
207.72 180.24 m
245.88 180.24 l
262.38 206.94 l
191.22 206.94 l
207.72 180.24 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0059 Tc 8.22 0 0 8.22 210.18 196.1401 Tm
[(D)5(es)-5(i)2(gner)]TJ
0.0052 Tc -0.1752 -1.2044 Td
[(c)-6(onstraint)]TJ
ET
0.24 w
199.5 193.56 m
178.8 193.56 l
178.8 183.3 l
171.9 183.3 l
S
172.56 180.78 m
167.46 183.3 l
172.56 185.88 l
172.56 180.78 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
0.66 w
196.38 138 m
229.38 158.64 l
262.38 138 l
229.38 117.36 l
196.38 138 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
8.22 0 0 8.22 222.24 145.5601 Tm
(Any)Tj
0.0059 Tc -1.4672 -1.2044 Td
[(predicat)6(es)]TJ
0.0041 Tc 1.3723 -1.1971 Td
(left?)Tj
ET
0.24 w
136.02 200.76 m
136.02 195.96 l
S
138.54 196.62 m
136.02 191.58 l
133.5 196.62 l
138.54 196.62 l
f*
136.02 175.08 m
136.02 170.28 l
S
138.54 170.82 m
136.02 165.78 l
133.5 170.82 l
138.54 170.82 l
f*
136.02 137.04 m
136.02 133.2 l
S
138.54 133.86 m
136.02 128.76 l
133.5 133.86 l
138.54 133.86 l
f*
262.38 138 m
274.74 138 l
274.74 193.56 l
258.54 193.56 l
S
259.2 190.98 m
254.16 193.56 l
259.2 196.08 l
259.2 190.98 l
f*
169.02 110.22 m
183.96 110.22 l
183.96 138 l
191.88 138 l
S
191.34 140.52 m
196.38 138 l
191.34 135.48 l
191.34 140.52 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
261.3 123.84 16.74 10.44 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0078 Tc 7.38 0 0 7.38 262.2 126.66 Tm
[(YE)8(S)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
0.66 w
64.32 205.92 m
87.06 205.92 l
88.62 206.16 l
90.12 206.82 l
91.38 207.66 l
92.34 208.98 l
93 210.54 l
93.24 212.1 l
93 213.72 l
92.34 215.16 l
91.38 216.48 l
90.12 217.44 l
88.62 218.1 l
87.06 218.34 l
64.32 218.34 l
62.76 218.1 l
61.2 217.44 l
59.88 216.48 l
59.04 215.16 l
58.38 213.72 l
58.14 212.1 l
58.38 210.54 l
59.04 208.98 l
59.88 207.66 l
61.2 206.82 l
62.76 206.16 l
64.32 205.92 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0035 Tc 8.22 0 0 8.22 62.34 209.7601 Tm
[(ST)16(ART)]TJ
ET
1 1 1 scn
216.96 91.68 m
241.74 91.68 l
243.36 91.92 l
244.8 92.58 l
246.12 93.54 l
247.14 94.74 l
247.8 96.3 l
247.98 97.86 l
247.8 99.48 l
247.14 100.92 l
246.12 102.24 l
244.8 103.2 l
243.36 103.86 l
241.74 104.1 l
216.96 104.1 l
215.46 103.86 l
213.9 103.2 l
212.58 102.24 l
211.68 100.92 l
211.02 99.48 l
210.84 97.86 l
211.02 96.3 l
211.68 94.74 l
212.58 93.54 l
213.9 92.58 l
215.46 91.92 l
216.96 91.68 l
h
B*
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
0.0025 Tc 8.22 0 0 8.22 220.74 95.5201 Tm
(END)Tj
ET
0.24 w
93.24 212.1 m
100.14 212.1 l
S
99.48 214.62 m
104.58 212.1 l
99.48 209.58 l
99.48 214.62 l
f*
229.38 117.36 m
229.38 108.48 l
S
231.96 109.14 m
229.38 104.1 l
226.86 109.14 l
231.96 109.14 l
f*
1 1 1 scn
178.56 115.62 12.9 10.44 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0067 Tc 7.38 0 0 7.38 179.58 118.44 Tm
(NO)Tj
ET
1 1 1 scn
234.36 107.4 12.78 10.44 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
7.38 0 0 7.38 235.26 110.2201 Tm
(NO)Tj
-0.0033 Tc 0 7.38 -7.38 0 270.9597 153.78 Tm
[(M)-8(an)8(ual)]TJ
-0.0043 Tc 0.011 Tw -2.1707 -1.4878 Td
[( Cons)-8(t)-11(r)4(aint)-11( )16(Cy)-8(c)-16(l)-2(e)]TJ
ET
0.902 0.902 0.902 scn
106.08 224.34 59.94 19.26 re
f
0 0 0 scn
BT
/TT3 1 Tf
-0.0036 Tc 0.0103 Tw 7.38 0 0 7.38 106.98 235.9801 Tm
[(I)-10(nit)-10(i)-9(a)8(l)-9( pruning d)8(ue)]TJ
-0.0033 Tc 0.01 Tw 1.0569 -1.187 Td
[(t)-10(o e)8(nd nod)8(es)]TJ
0.0063 Tc 0 Tw 0 7.38 -7.38 0 64.5597 131.1 Tm
[(Au)18(to)10(ma)10(t)8(i)1(c)]TJ
-0.0043 Tc 0.011 Tw -1.561 -1.4959 Td
[( Cons)-8(t)-11(r)4(aint)-11( )16(Cy)-8(c)-16(l)-2(e)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 293.64 89.94 Tm
( )Tj
/T1_0 1 Tf
-0.0005 Tc -0.0021 Tw -20.7485 -1.5568 Td
[(Figure 3. Scenario spe)5(c)-1(ification )6(flow. )]TJ
ET
q /GS1 gs
/Fm0 Do
Q
endstream
endobj
13 0 obj
<<
/Type /Page
/Parent 31 0 R
/Resources << /ColorSpace << /CS0 114 0 R /CS1 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS0 116 0 R /GS1 128 0 R >>
/Font << /TT0 123 0 R /TT1 120 0 R /C2_0 155 0 R /TT2 117 0 R /T1_0 127 0 R >>
/XObject << /Fm0 194 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >>
/Contents 15 1 R
/MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/Rotate 0
>>
endobj
15 1 obj
<< /Length 195 0 R >>
stream
/CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn
1 i
/RelativeColorimetric ri
/GS0 gs
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
10.02 0 0 10.02 54 746.8201 Tm
( )Tj
1.2216 -70.7066 Td
( )Tj
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0008 Tc 0.354 Tw 0 47.5568 TD
(Step 2)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0023 Tc 0.3585 Tw 3 0 Td
[(. B)5(e)9(gi)11(nni)11(ng )6(wi)5(t)5(h)-1( t)11(h)5(e ope)9(rat)5(i)5(n)5(g s)8(y)5(st)5(em)14( func-)]TJ
-0.002 Tc 0.4766 Tw -4.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(tio)-5(n)-5(a)-1(lity \(72)-5(3)1( KB as )6(o)-5(b)1(j)-6(e)5(ct cod)-5(e)-1(\), th)-5(e con)-5(tem)9(p)-5(lated)-5( )]TJ
-0.0007 Tc 0.2297 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(architecture variations )-6(lea)6(d)-4( th)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.2352 Tw 12.5329 0 Td
[(e de)7(signer t)8(o)-3( foc)7(u)-3(s )6(on the )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.2639 Tw -12.5329 -1.1437 Td
[(per)5(f)-1(o)4(r)-1(m)13(a)2(nce of t)4(h)-2(e sub)4(s)1(et)4( d)4(e)2(fi)4(ne)8(d by)4( t)4(h)-2(e devi)4(ce dri)10(v)-2(er)5( )]TJ
0.0005 Tw T*
[(m)12(odul)3(e \()5(4)-2(7)4( K)5(B)3( i)3(n)-2( si)3(ze\))5(. )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 0.3364 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(The problem)12( )-12(dom)12(ain )-6(indica)]TJ
12.0838 0 Td
[(tes )-6(reception of a )-6(sm)12(all )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0.0497 Tw -13.3054 -1.1437 Td
[(packet is a)6( typical action for )]TJ
0.0498 Tw 11.8204 0 Td
[(this syste)-6(m)11(. The start a)6(n)3(d end )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 0.2466 Tw -11.8204 -1.1497 Td
[(nodes )6(for s)6(u)-3(c)7(h)-3( a sce)7(n)-3(ario )6(are found using t)9(h)-3(e s)6(o)-3(ftwa)7(re)7( )]TJ
0.0022 Tc 0.2149 Tw T*
[(doc)9(um)14(ent)5(a)3(t)5(i)5(o)-1(n)5( an)5(d e)9(x)-1(am)14(i)5(n)-1(i)5(ng t)5(h)-1(e)9( c)9(ode)9( us)8(i)5(ng a)9( )6(pr)6(og)5(ram)8( )]TJ
-0.0009 Tc 0.0024 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(slicin)-4(g)-4( too)-4(l)2(. )6( )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0008 Tc 0.1684 Tw 1.2216 -1.1497 Td
(Step 3)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0018 Tc 0.1769 Tw 2.8144 0 Td
[(. Th)-5(e )6(detailed)-5( an)-5(alysis app)-5(lies th)-5(e )6(alg)-5(o)1(rith)-5(m)10( o)-5(f)-4( )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.187 Tw -4.0359 -1.1497 Td
[(Figure 3 t)9(o)-3( identify an eval)9(uation sc)7(ena)7(r)-2(io. T)6(h)-3(e analysi)9(s )]TJ
0.0003 Tc 0.2707 Tw T*
[(exam)12(ines the device )6(dri)9(v)-3(er )]TJ
0.0007 Tc 0.2703 Tw 12.0599 0 Td
[(source c)7(ode)7(, )6(packa)7(g)-2(e)7(d)-2( as a )]TJ
-0.0021 Tc 0.2431 Tw -12.0599 -1.1497 Td
[(sin)-5(g)-5(le f)-4(ile sp)-5(ecif)-4(yin)-5(g)-5( 14)-5( pro)-5(cedur)-4(es w)-4(ith 1)-5(,)-4(650)-5( lin)-5(es of)-4( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0017 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(source c)7(o)3(de. )6( )6(Table )6(2 s)6(u)-3(mmarizes this a)7(n)-3(al)8(ysis. )]TJ
0.1454 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(The sce)7(n)-3(a)7(r)-2(io )6(occurs ac)7(ross )6(tw)]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.1451 Tw 12.5509 0 Td
[(o )6(proces)6(ses: an i)9(n)-3(terrupt)9( )]TJ
-0.0023 Tc 0.2733 Tw -13.7725 -1.1497 Td
[(rou)-5(tin)-5(e and)-5( the driv)-5(er ex)-5(ecu)-5(tin)-5(g as a reg)-5(u)-5(lar task. The )]TJ
-0.0022 Tc 0.5247 Tw T*
[(repo)-5(rted)-5( nu)-5(mb)-5(er )6(o)-5(f)-4( co)-5(n)-5(t)6(ro)-5(l op)-5(eration)-5(s)4( in)-5( th)-5(e CFGs )]TJ
0.0012 Tc 0.0242 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(rep)4(r)-1(ese)8(n)-2(t)4(s)1( h)4(o)-2(w)5( )-6(m)13(a)2(ny)4( const)10(r)-1(ai)4(nt)4(s nee)8(d)-2( t)4(o)-2( )6(be )6(det)4(e)2(rm)13(i)4(n)-2(ed \()5(1)-2(7)10( )]TJ
-0.0013 Tc 0.4998 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(an)-4(d 13\). )6(No)-4(te th)-4(at relatively few )6(op)-4(eratio)-4(n)-4(s)-1( )6(req)-4(u)-4(i)1(re)11( )]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.0019 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(designer s)6(p)-3(ecified constrai)8(nts )6(\(only 2\). )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0.0015 Tc 0.4042 Tw 10.98 0 0 10.98 54 269.3397 Tm
[(5.3)4( Perform)4(a)-1(nce )404(Evaluation )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0001 Tc 0.1451 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 66.24 257.7 Tm
[(The )6(num)12(b)-3(er of )6(ope)7(rations i)9(n)3( each pse)7(udo-t)9(race is als)6(o)-3( )]TJ
-0.0019 Tc 0.195 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(listed)-5( Tab)-5(l)1(e 2)-5(.)3( Mo)-5(st o)-5(p)-5(e)-1(rat)7(i)1(o)-5(n)-5(s)-2( ex)-5(ecu)-5(te )6(with)-5(in)-5( th)-5(e co)-5(re )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.0134 Tw 0 -1.1557 TD
[(process)6(o)-3(r in a single cycle of )]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 179.52 232.3799 Tm
(core)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
9 0 2.9243 9 174.78 234.5997 Tm
<0057>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0019 Tc 0.0116 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 193.86 234.6 Tm
[(= 30/)4(1)5(5)-1( ns)8(, der)6(i)4(ved f)6(rom)13( )]TJ
-0.0025 Tc 0.0639 Tw -13.9581 -1.4192 Td
[(a d)-5(a)-2(tab)-5(ook)-5( )6(d)-5(e)4(p)-5(e)-2(nd)-5(ing on)-5( t)6(h)-5(e 1X)-5(/2X)-5( CPU)-5(.)2( )6(A)-5(ccess tim)9(es to)-11( )]TJ
-0.0022 Tc 0.3031 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(sto)-5(r)-4(ag)-5(e r)-4(e)-1(sou)-5(r)2(ces ar)-4(e fo)-5(und b)-5(y)1( an)-5(alyzin)-5(g th)-5(e str)-4(u)-5(ctu)-5(r)-4(al )]TJ
-0.0017 Tc 0.1948 Tw 0 -1.4251 TD
[(to)-5(po)-5(log)-5(y)1(, e.g. )]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 120.18 198.5999 Tm
(dram1)Tj
-0.0769 -0.8889 Td
(r/w)Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 117 194.5803 Tm
(t)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0011 Tc 10.02 0 0 10.02 139.38 194.58 Tm
(=4)Tj
0 Tc 7.02 0 0 7.02 155.7 192.3599 Tm
(core)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
9 0 2.9243 9 150.96 194.5797 Tm
<0057>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0021 Tc 0.191 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 170.04 194.58 Tm
( and )Tj
0 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 198.18 198.5999 Tm
(dram2)Tj
-0.0769 -0.8889 Td
(r)Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 195 194.5803 Tm
(t)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.001 Tc 10.02 0 0 10.02 218.34 194.58 Tm
(=12)Tj
0 Tc 7.02 0 0 7.02 239.64 192.3599 Tm
(core)Tj
/C2_0 1 Tf
9 0 2.9243 9 234.9 194.5797 Tm
<0057>Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0013 Tc 0.1918 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 253.98 194.58 Tm
[(. The de)8(-)]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.002 Tw -19.9581 -1.7006 Td
[(signer s)5(u)3(pplies)5( effective cac)6(he miss rate, e.g. )]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 0 7.02 244.5 181.5599 Tm
(dram1)Tj
-0.0598 -0.8974 Td
(r)Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 239.58 177.5403 Tm
(p)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0014 Tc 0.0001 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 263.64 177.54 Tm
[(= 0.)6(2. )]TJ
0.0005 Tc 0.1926 Tw -19.7006 -1.4132 Td
[(The pe)7(rform)12(a)1(nce evaluati)9(on of four arc)7(h)-2(itectures, )6(one)7( )]TJ
0 Tc 0.0135 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(for each sce)7(n)-3(ario process)6(,)-1( is )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.0137 Tw 11.5509 0 Td
[(summarized in Table 3. T)6(h)-3(es)6(e)7( )]TJ
-0.0011 Tc 0.1104 Tw -11.5509 -1.1437 Td
[(resu)-4(lts )6(d)-4(em)10(o)-4(n)-4(s)5(trate th)-4(e fi)7(d)-4(elity o)-4(f)-3( t)7(h)-4(e )6(p)-4(r)3(op)-4(osed)-4( tech)-4(n)-4(i)7(q)-4(u)-4(e)6(. )]TJ
-0.0009 Tc 0.685 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(Th)-4(at is, th)-4(e relativ)-4(e p)-4(erfo)-4(r)-3(m)11(an)-4(ce esti)-4(m)11(a)-6(tes at a)-6(n)2( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.7322 Tw T*
[(architecture-le)7(vel of a)7(b)-3(st)]TJ
-0.0004 Tc 0.7324 Tw 11.3892 0 Td
[(raction track the obse)6(r)-3(ved )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.1394 Tw -11.3892 -1.1437 Td
[(perform)11(a)1(nce values across the )]TJ
0.0001 Tc 0.1331 Tw 12.8683 0 Td
[(architecture variations. We)7( )]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.4132 Tw -12.8683 -1.1497 Td
[(obs)7(er)5(ved)5( t)4(h)-1(e)8( cost)4( m)13(odel)4( )6(t)4(o)-1( be)8( bi)4(ase)8(d)5( t)4(o)-1(wa)8(r)5(d)-1(s )6(un)5(d)5(e)2(r )]TJ
0.5568 Tw T*
[(est)4(i)-2(m)13(a)2(ti)4(on, a)8(nd )6(best)4( sui)4(t)4(e)8(d t)4(o)-1( e)8(xpl)10(ore)8( chan)5(ges )6(on)5(e )]TJ
-0.0014 Tc 0.1107 Tw 26.3713 51.1437 Td
[(d)-4(i)1(m)10(e)-1(n)-4(s)-1(io)-4(n)-4( at a ti)-5(m)10(e)-1(. Th)-4(e fidelity b)-4(e)-1(tween)-4( t)7(h)-4(e estim)10(ates is)-13( )]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.1334 Tw T*
[(m)11(o)-3(re im)11(portant than t)8(h)-3(e acc)7(uracy )6(of individual estim)11(ates)-6(, )]TJ
0.0013 Tc -0.0058 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(as )-6(t)4(h)-2(i)4(s)1( gui)10(des )-6(s)7(e)2(l)4(ect)4(i)4(on of p)4(r)-1(o)4(m)7(i)4(s)1(i)4(ng )-6(arc)8(h)-2(i)4(t)4(ect)4(ures. )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
0 Tc 0.35 Tw 12 0 0 12 318.24 555.84 Tm
(6. Conclusion )Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0013 Tc 0.114 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 330.48 544.02 Tm
[(A pe)8(rf)5(orm)13(a)2(nce eval)4(uat)4(i)4(o)4(n t)4(echni)10(que )6(was )6(p)4(r)-1(o)4(p)4(o)-2(sed t)10(h)-2(at)4( )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.2291 Tw -1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(uses a static )-6(m)11(odel, evaluates for a typical case, and i)8(s )]TJ
-0.0031 Tc 0.1363 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(ab)-6(str)-5(act eno)-6(ugh)-6( to su)-6(ppo)-6(r)-5(t)-1( ea)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc 0.1334 Tw 12.2216 0 Td
[(rly, arc)7(h)-3(itecture-level)8( desi)8(gn )]TJ
0.0005 Tc 0.1028 Tw -12.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(space e)7(xpl)9(orati)9(o)-2(n. T)7(h)-2(e eval)9(ua)7(tion sce)7(n)-2(ari)9(o)-2( a)7(p)-2(proach )6(helps )]TJ
-0.0018 Tc 0.0931 Tw 0 -1.1437 TD
[(filter a co)-5(m)10(p)-5(le)-7(x)-5( set )6(o)-5(f)2( system)10( fu)-5(n)-5(c)-1(tio)-5(n)-5(a)-1(lity to)-5( a sm)10(all, bu)-5(t )]TJ
0.0011 Tc 0.0962 Tw 0 -1.1497 TD
[(rel)4(e)2(va)8(nt)4(, su)4(bse)8(t)4( t)4(h)-2(at)4( serves )]TJ
-0.0001 Tc 0.0974 Tw 11.3473 0 Td
[(a)7(s the context for )6(perform)11(a)1(nce )]TJ
-0.0005 Tc 0.002 Tw -11.3473 -1.1497 Td
(evaluation. )Tj
0.0001 Tc 0.0194 Tw 1.2216 -1.1437 Td
[(The case)7( study)9( dem)12(onstrates t)9(h)-3(at this tec)7(hni)9(que)7( allows a )]TJ
0.3367 Tw -1.2216 -1.1497 Td
[(rapi)9(d )6(performance e)7(v)-3(aluation )6(of c)7(a)1(ndidat)9(e arc)7(h)-3(itectures)6( )]TJ
-0.0018 Tc -0.0027 Tw T*
[(th)-5(at )-6(exh)-5(i)1(b)-5(its go)-5(od)-5( fid)-5(e)-1(lity. )-6( )]TJ
/TT1 1 Tf
-0.001 Tc 0.351 Tw 12 0 0 12 318.24 424.08 Tm
[(7. REFE)-4(RE)-4(NCES )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0.6297 Tw 7.98 0 0 7.98 318.24 411.1803 Tm
[([)-5(1)-4(])10( )-210(W. Ye)-7(, et al.,)-6( Fast ti)-8(m)11(ing analysis f)-5(o)-4(r hardware-sof)-5(tware)-15( )]TJ
0.0014 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.1579 TD
[(cosy)5(nthesis, )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0029 Tc 0.5516 Tw 5.6767 0 Td
[(P)5(r)1(oc 1993 I)5(n)-1(t C)8(onf)10( )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0004 Tc 0.5549 Tw 10.2331 0 Td
[(A. Alla)-8(ra, et )-7(al., S)-8(y)3(ste)-15(m)11(-leve)-8(l)-8( )]TJ
0.0019 Tc 0.0864 Tw -15.9098 -1.1504 Td
[(per)4(f)-3(orm)13(a)2(nce estim)5(a)2(tion f)4(o)-2(r)4( sw and h)6(w)2( in the SE)4(E)4(D)2( project,)4( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.001 Tc 0.0873 Tw 25.1128 0 Td
(Proc ICCD)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0056 Tc 0 Tw 4.6767 0 Td
(, )Tj
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw -29.7895 -1.1504 Td
[(1998,)6( pp 4)8(8-)6(53.)6( )]TJ
0.001 Tc 0.0573 Tw 0 -1.406 TD
[([2])11( )-782(V. Basili, B)-9(.)3( Boehm)12(,)-5( CO)-6(TS-Bas)-8(ed Syste)-6(m)12(s )-7(Top 10 List, )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0017 Tc 0 Tw 25.7744 0 Td
(Computer)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0056 Tc 4.015 0 Td
(, )Tj
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw -29.7895 -1.1504 Td
[(v 34,)6( n 5,)6( M)6(a)-3(y)8( 2001,)6( pp 91-)6(93 )]TJ
0.0025 Tc -0.0044 Tw T*
[([3])12( )-842(R.)4( Br)5(aden,)4( Reqs..)4( for)5( hosts\205,)4( I)5(n)-1(ter)5(n)-1(et RFC 1122 ,)4( Oct )-7(1989 )]TJ
0.0023 Tc 0.0936 Tw T*
[([4])12( )-744(P.)4( Br)5(er)5(eton,)4( D.)4( Budgen,)4( C)8(o)-9(m)21(pone)]TJ
0.0021 Tc 0.0938 Tw 16.4286 0 Td
[(nt-)4(b)-2(ased sy)6(stem)13(s: a classification)6( )]TJ
0.0012 Tc -0.0031 Tw -16.4286 -1.1504 Td
(of issues, )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0023 Tc 0 Tw 3.985 0 Td
[(Compute)10(r)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw 4.0075 0 Td
[(,)6( v 33,)6( n 11,)6( M)6(a)-3(y)8( )-7(2001,)6( pp 5)8(4-)6(62 )]TJ
0.0018 Tc 0.3347 Tw -7.9925 -1.406 Td
[([5])12( )-504(L)4(.)4( Fr)4(iedrich,)4( et )-7(al.)4(,)4( A sur)4(v)-2(ey)6( of confi)9(gur)4(able co)6(m)13(ponent-)4(b)-2(ased)-9( )]TJ
0.003 Tc -0.0049 Tw 0 -1.1504 TD
[(oper)5(a)3(ting sy)7(stem)14(s..)5( ,)5( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0006 Tc -0.0013 Tw 8.4586 0 Td
[(IE)-6(EE Mi)-8(cro)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0034 Tc -0.0053 Tw 4.8722 0 Td
[(,)5( v21,)5( n3,)5( M)5(a)-4(y)7(-)6(June 2001 )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.0054 Tw -13.3308 -1.406 Td
[([)-5(6)-4(])10( )-835(T. Gupta, et )-8(al., )-8(Pr)-5(ocessor eval)]TJ
0.003 Tc 0.0026 Tw 14.6165 0 Td
[(uation )8(in an em)21(b)-8(e)3(dded sy)7(stem)14(s design)-8( )]TJ
0.0022 Tc 0 Tw -14.6165 -1.1504 Td
[(envir)4(o)-2(n)-9(m)21(ent, )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0029 Tc -0.0048 Tw 5.5639 0 Td
[(P)5(r)1(oc.)5( Conf V)5(L)3(SI)5( )-7(Design)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw 9.7519 0 Td
[(,)6( 2000 )]TJ
0.002 Tc 0.2894 Tw -15.3158 -1.3985 Td
[([7])12( )-549(J.)4( Jahnke,)4( E)4(ngine)10(er)4(ing co)-9(m)20(ponent-)4(b)-2(ased net-)4(centr)4(ic sy)6(s\205,)4( Pr)4(oc. )]TJ
-0.0003 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.1579 TD
[(ESEC,)-6( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0019 Tc -0.0038 Tw 2.9474 0 Td
[(A)4(CM SIGSOF)4(T )-7(E)4(ng Notes)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0032 Tc -0.0051 Tw 10.7218 0 Td
[(,)5( v )-7(26,)5( n 5,)5( Sept 2001)7( )]TJ
0.0023 Tc 0.1988 Tw -13.6692 -1.3985 Td
[([8])12( )-639(K.)4( L)4(a)3(hiri,)4( A.)4( Raghunathan,)4( S.)4( De)]TJ
16.6767 0 Td
[(y)6(,)-3( Fast per)5(f)-3(orm)13(a)3(nce analy)6(s)1(is of)-11( )]TJ
-0.0012 Tc -0.0007 Tw -16.6767 -1.1579 Td
[(b)-5(u)-5(s)-3(-b)-5(ased)-5( .. , )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0001 Tc 0 Tw 5.5113 0 Td
(ICCAD)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw 3 0 Td
[(,)6( 1999,)6( pp 566-)6(572.)6( )]TJ
0.0023 Tc 0.2214 Tw -8.5113 -1.3985 Td
[([9])12( )-616(Y.)4( L)4(i)2(,)4( S.)4( M)4(a)3(lik,)4( A.)4( W)6(o)-1(lfe,)4( Per)5(f)-3(or)5(m)13(a)-5(nce estim)13(a)-5(tion of)5( em)21(bedded)-9( )]TJ
-0.0007 Tc -0.0012 Tw T*
[(so)-4(f)-6(t)-1(ware ..,)-6( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.002 Tc -0.0039 Tw 4.6992 0 Td
[(Trans Des A)4(u)-2(to E)4(l)2(ec.)4( Sys)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0032 Tc -0.0051 Tw 10.1654 0 Td
[(,)5( v4 n3,)5( Jul,)5( 1999 )]TJ
0.0025 Tc 0.1159 Tw -14.8647 -1.3985 Td
[([10])12( )-218(J.)4( L)4(i)2(u,)4( et al.)4(,)4( Soft)10(war)5(e)3( tim)13(i)]TJ
0.0015 Tc 0.1169 Tw 13.5338 0 Td
[(ng analysis using HW/SW cosi)-6(m)20(u)-2(lation)-10( )]TJ
0.0008 Tc -0.0027 Tw -13.5338 -1.1579 Td
[(and instr. set si)-15(m)19(u)-3(l)-7(a)1(tor, )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0018 Tc 0 Tw 9.6241 0 Td
(CODES)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw 3.2331 0 Td
[(,)6( 1998,)6( pp 65-)6(69.)6( )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0.013 Tw -12.8571 -1.3985 Td
[([)-5(11])10( )-323(F. Moya)-7(, J. Moya, )-7(J. Lopez, )]TJ
0.0008 Tc 0.0124 Tw 13.8496 0 Td
[(Evaluati)-7(on of)-4( Design S)8(p)-3(ace Exploration )]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw -13.8496 -1.1579 Td
(Strategies, )Tj
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0028 Tc -0.0047 Tw 4.4511 0 Td
[(P)5(r)1(oc 25)]TJ
-0.0007 Tc 0 Tw 4.98 0 0 4.98 379.32 192.2398 Tm
(th)Tj
0.0025 Tc -0.0044 Tw 7.98 0 0 7.98 383.22 188.7603 Tm
[( E)4(U)3(ROMI)5(CRO C)-7(onf)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw 8.3008 0 Td
[(,)6( 1999 )]TJ
0.0026 Tc -0.0045 Tw -16.4436 -1.3985 Td
[([12])12( )-338(J.)5( Russell,)5( Pr)5(ogr)5(am)14( )-7(Slicing for)5( Codesign,)5( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
-0.0001 Tc 0 Tw 19.0977 0 Td
(CODES)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw 3.2256 0 Td
[(,)6( 2002.)6( )]TJ
0.0008 Tc 0.5161 Tw -22.3233 -1.406 Td
[([)-4(13])11( )180(J. Russell, M)-5(.)3( J)-8(aco)-10(m)12(e)1(,)-5( Scenario-)-4(B)-1(ased Sof)-4(tware )-7(Char. as a)-14( )]TJ
0.0023 Tc -0.0042 Tw 0 -1.1504 TD
[(Contingency)6( to T)4(r)-3(aditional Pr)5(ogr)5(am)13( )-7(Pr)5(ofiling,)4( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0035 Tc -0.0054 Tw 18.8797 0 Td
[(CA)5(SE)5(S 2002)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 5.1579 0 Td
( )Tj
0.002 Tc 0.0638 Tw -24.0376 -1.406 Td
[([14])12( )-271(M)4(.)4( Spar)4(ling,)4( L)4(e)2(ss)-7(ons lear)4(ned thr)4(o)6(ug)6(h six y)6(ear)4(s of)4( co)-9(m)13(ponent-)4(b)-2(ased)6( )]TJ
0.0016 Tc 0 Tw T*
[(develop)-10(m)20(ent,)4( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0017 Tc -0.0036 Tw 5.6692 0 Td
[(Comm. )-7(ACM)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw 5.4887 0 Td
[(,)6( v43,)6( n10,)6( Oct 2000 )]TJ
0.0013 Tc 0.8765 Tw -11.1579 -1.406 Td
[([15])11( )541(K. Suzuki, A. Sangiovanni-)]TJ
0.0009 Tc 0.8769 Tw 15.9624 0 Td
(Vincentelli, Efficient Software )Tj
0.0023 Tc 0.0033 Tw -15.9624 -1.1504 Td
[(Per)5(f)-3(orm)13(a)3(nce E)4(s)1(tim)13(a)-5(tion )8(M)4(e)3(thods \205,)4( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0043 Tc -0.0062 Tw 15.2256 0 Td
[(DA)6(C 1996)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0 Tc 0 Tw 4.2707 0 Td
( )Tj
0.0022 Tc 0.3944 Tw -19.4962 -1.406 Td
[([16])12( )60(B.)4( T)4(a)2(bbar)4(a)2(,)4( et al.)4(,)4( Fast har)4(d)]TJ
0.002 Tc 0.3946 Tw 15.3308 0 Td
[(war)4(e)-5(-)4(softwar)4(e co-)4(sim)13(u)-9(l)2(ation usin)6(g )]TJ
0.0004 Tc 0.0052 Tw -15.3308 -1.1504 Td
[(VHDL)-5( m)11(odels, )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0072 Tc 0 Tw 6.4286 0 Td
[(DA)9(T)7(E)]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.004 Tc -0.0059 Tw 2.5038 0 Td
[(, 1999,)6( pp 309)8(-)6(316.)6( )]TJ
0.0042 Tc 0 Tw -8.9323 -1.406 Td
[([17])14( )]TJ
/TT2 1 Tf
0.0012 Tc -0.0031 Tw 2.2556 0 Td
(Comp. Design)Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0038 Tc -0.0057 Tw 5.7368 0 Td
[(,)6( pp 452-)6(45)8(7 )]TJ
/T1_0 1 Tf
-0.0009 Tc -0.0016 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 57.6 704.4008 Tm
(Table 2. Scenario and pseudo-trace summary. )Tj
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0003 Tc 0.003 Tw 9 0 0 9 132.96 682.3203 Tm
[(Major Procedur)7(e: )]TJ
0.0002 Tc 0 Tw 8.3733 0.5733 Td
(Interrupt )Tj
-0.0002 Tc 0.2533 -1.1533 Td
(process )Tj
0.0006 Tc 5.12 1.1533 Td
(Driver )Tj
-0.0002 Tc -0.1933 -1.1533 Td
(process )Tj
ET
51.96 695.64 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 674.94 0.48 20.7 re
f
201.36 674.94 0.48 20.7 re
f
246.36 674.94 0.48 20.7 re
f
290.04 674.94 0.48 20.7 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0003 Tc 0.003 Tw 9 0 0 9 148.32 666.2403 Tm
(Module Size )Tj
ET
51.96 674.4 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 664.08 0.48 10.32 re
f
290.04 664.08 0.48 10.32 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0014 Tc 0.0019 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 655.4403 Tm
[(Loca)5(l pro)8(cedure)5( )7(cal)6(ls)4( \(s)4(ub-s)4(cenar)8(ios)4(\))1( )-3027(2 )-4173(3 )]TJ
ET
51.96 663.6 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 653.22 0.48 10.38 re
f
201.36 653.22 0.48 10.38 re
f
246.36 653.22 0.48 10.38 re
f
290.04 653.22 0.48 10.38 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0002 Tc 0.0031 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 644.5803 Tm
[(Support libr)7(a)-3(r)7(y)-6( )7(calls )-9827(4 )-4173(4 )]TJ
ET
51.96 652.74 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 642.36 0.48 10.38 re
f
201.36 642.36 0.48 10.38 re
f
246.36 642.36 0.48 10.38 re
f
290.04 642.36 0.48 10.38 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0004 Tc 0.0029 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 633.7203 Tm
[(Nodes in lo)7(cal C)7(F)3(Gs to be )7(analy)-6(z)11(ed )-3107(177 )-3173(123 )]TJ
ET
51.96 641.88 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 631.5 0.48 10.38 re
f
201.36 631.5 0.48 10.38 re
f
246.36 631.5 0.48 10.38 re
f
290.04 631.5 0.48 10.38 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0018 Tc 0.0015 Tw 9 0 0 9 112.02 622.8603 Tm
[(S)5(cenario)9( S)5(p)2(ec)6(ifi)6(cat)6(ion S)5(u)2(m)6(m)6(a)-1(r)8(y)-5( )]TJ
ET
51.96 631.02 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 620.7 0.48 10.32 re
f
290.04 620.7 0.48 10.32 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0002 Tc 0.0031 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 612.0003 Tm
[(Control ops nod)7(es \(to b)7(e)-3( )7(constrained\) )-2720(17 )-3673(13 )]TJ
ET
51.96 620.16 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 609.84 0.48 10.32 re
f
201.36 609.84 0.48 10.32 re
f
246.36 609.84 0.48 10.32 re
f
290.04 609.84 0.48 10.32 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0004 Tc 0.0029 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 601.1403 Tm
[( )7( Automatic con)7(s)3(traints found )-5847(4 )-3927(10 )]TJ
ET
51.96 609.3 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 598.98 0.48 10.32 re
f
201.36 598.98 0.48 10.32 re
f
246.36 598.98 0.48 10.32 re
f
290.04 598.98 0.48 10.32 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0001 Tc 0.0032 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 590.3403 Tm
[( )7( Pruned co)7(ntrol operations )-6660(11 )-3920(3 )]TJ
ET
51.96 598.5 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 588.12 0.48 10.38 re
f
201.36 588.12 0.48 10.38 re
f
246.36 588.12 0.48 10.38 re
f
290.04 588.12 0.48 10.38 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0004 Tc 0.0037 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 579.4803 Tm
[( )7( Control ops manually)-7( specified)6( )-4720(2 )-4173(0 )]TJ
ET
51.96 587.64 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 577.26 0.48 10.38 re
f
201.36 577.26 0.48 10.38 re
f
246.36 577.26 0.48 10.38 re
f
290.04 577.26 0.48 10.38 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0001 Tc 0.0034 Tw 9 0 0 9 127.8 568.6203 Tm
[(Pseudo-Trace Summary)-13( )]TJ
ET
51.96 576.78 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 566.46 0.48 10.32 re
f
290.04 566.46 0.48 10.32 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0005 Tc -0.0038 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 557.7603 Tm
[(Operations in )-7(ps)10(eudo-trace )-6720(196 )-3180(451 )]TJ
ET
51.96 565.92 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 555.6 0.48 10.32 re
f
201.36 555.6 0.48 10.32 re
f
246.36 555.6 0.48 10.32 re
f
290.04 555.6 0.48 10.32 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0002 Tc 0.0031 Tw 9 0 0 9 57.6 546.9003 Tm
[( )7( Derived)7( from )7(driver source )-6080(46 )-3420(151 )]TJ
ET
51.96 555.06 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 544.74 0.48 10.32 re
f
201.36 544.74 0.48 10.32 re
f
246.36 544.74 0.48 10.32 re
f
290.04 544.74 0.48 10.32 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 57.6 536.1003 Tm
[( )7( Derived)7( from support librar)7(y)-6( )-5153(150 )-3173(300 )]TJ
ET
51.96 544.26 238.56 0.48 re
f
51.96 533.4 0.48 10.86 re
f
52.44 533.4 148.92 0.48 re
f
201.36 533.4 0.48 10.86 re
f
201.84 533.4 44.52 0.48 re
f
246.36 533.4 0.48 10.86 re
f
246.84 533.4 43.2 0.48 re
f
290.04 533.4 0.48 10.86 re
f
BT
/T1_0 1 Tf
-0.0003 Tc -0.0023 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 336.42 704.4008 Tm
[(Table 3. Performance e)5(v)-1(a)5(l)2(uation sum)9(m)3(ary. )]TJ
-0.0021 Tw 2.3533 -1.1856 Td
[(Execu)6(tion time in microsecon)6(ds. )]TJ
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0018 Tc -0.0063 Tw 7.8084 -1.7965 Td
[(DRAM)5( 1 )-1395(DRAM)5( 2 )]TJ
ET
429.78 683.7 108.48 0.48 re
f
429.78 672.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
483.78 672.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
537.78 672.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
-0.0002 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 334.02 674.52 Tm
[(Sha)8(r)-1(ed)5( m)13(e)-4(m)13( )-6(mappi)10(ng:)4( )]TJ
0.0028 Tc -0.0013 Tw 2.1377 -1.1437 Td
[(C)5(P)2(U c)10(om)14(pone)10(nt)5(:)5( )]TJ
1.2144 Tw 7.982 -0.0539 Td
(1X 2X 1X 2X )Tj
ET
429.78 671.7 108.48 0.48 re
f
429.78 660.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
456.78 660.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
483.78 660.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
510.78 660.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
537.78 660.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0026 Tc 1.436 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 327.42 650.52 Tm
[(Int)5(e)3(r)6(r)6(upt)5( )-204(Est)5(i)-1(m)14(a)3(t)5(e)3( )-216(38 32 )-305(38 32 )]TJ
ET
321.66 659.7 216.6 0.48 re
f
321.78 648.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
375.78 648.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
429.78 648.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
456.78 648.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
483.78 648.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
510.78 648.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
537.78 648.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0018 Tc 1.4368 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 327.42 638.52 Tm
[(Ser)6(v)-1(i)4(ce )-707(Obse)9(r)6(v)-1(ed )132(34 27 )-305(35 27 )]TJ
ET
321.78 647.7 0.48 0.48 re
f
375.78 647.7 162.48 0.48 re
f
321.78 636.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
375.78 636.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
429.78 636.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
456.78 636.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
483.78 636.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
510.78 636.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
537.78 636.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0012 Tc 1.4374 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 327.42 626.52 Tm
[(Receive )-485(Estim)13(a)2(te )-216(72 55 )-305(78 60 )]TJ
ET
321.78 635.7 216.48 0.48 re
f
321.78 624.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
375.78 624.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
429.78 624.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
456.78 624.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
483.78 624.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
510.78 624.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
537.78 624.24 0.48 11.46 re
f
BT
/TT0 1 Tf
0.0021 Tc 1.4365 Tw 10.02 0 0 10.02 327.42 614.52 Tm
[(Task )-1754(Obse)9(r)6(v)-1(ed )132(79 60 )-305(98 80 )]TJ
ET
321.78 623.7 0.48 0.48 re
f
375.78 623.7 162.48 0.48 re
f
321.78 611.76 0.48 11.94 re
f
322.26 611.76 53.52 0.48 re
f
375.78 611.76 0.48 11.94 re
f
376.26 611.76 53.52 0.48 re
f
429.78 611.76 0.48 11.94 re
f
430.26 611.76 26.52 0.48 re
f
456.78 611.76 0.48 11.94 re
f
457.26 611.76 26.52 0.48 re
f
483.78 611.76 0.48 11.94 re
f
484.26 611.76 26.52 0.48 re
f
510.78 611.76 0.48 11.94 re
f
511.26 611.76 26.52 0.48 re
f
537.78 611.76 0.48 11.94 re
f
q /GS1 gs
/Fm0 Do
Q
endstream
endobj
29 0 obj
<<
/S /D
>>
endobj
30 0 obj
<<
/Nums [ 0 29 0 R ]
>>
endobj
31 0 obj
<<
/Type /Pages
/Kids [ 46 0 R 1 0 R 4 0 R 7 0 R 10 0 R 13 0 R ]
/Count 6
>>
endobj
32 0 obj
<<
/Dt (D:20030320093903)
/JTM (Distiller)
>>
endobj
33 0 obj
/This
endobj
34 0 obj
<<
/CP (Distiller)
/Fi 33 0 R
>>
endobj
35 0 obj
<<
/R [ 600 600 ]
>>
endobj
36 0 obj
<<
/JTF 0
/MB [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/R 35 0 R
/W [ 0 5 ]
>>
endobj
37 0 obj
<<
/Fi [ 34 0 R ]
/P [ 36 0 R ]
>>
endobj
38 0 obj
<<
/Dm [ 612 792 612 792 ]
>>
endobj
39 0 obj
<<
/Me 38 0 R
>>
endobj
40 0 obj
<<
/D [ 37 0 R ]
/MS 39 0 R
/Type /JobTicketContents
>>
endobj
41 0 obj
<<
/A [ 32 0 R ]
/Cn [ 40 0 R ]
/V 1.10001
>>
endobj
42 0 obj
<<
/CreationDate (D:20030320093903Z)
/Producer (Acrobat Distiller 4.05 for Windows)
/Author (Jeffry T. Russell, Margarid F. Jacome)
/Creator (PScript5.dll Version 5.2)
/Title (Architecture-Level Performance Evaluation of Component-Based Embedded Sy\
stems)
/ModDate (D:20030512103545-07'00')
/Subject (Design Automation Conference 2003)
/Keywords (Performance evaluation, architecture-level, design space exploration, co\
mponent-based, embedded system, evaluation scenario)
>>
endobj
45 0 obj
<<
/Type /Catalog
/Pages 31 0 R
/JT 41 0 R
/PageLabels 30 0 R
/Metadata 5 1 R
/PageMode /UseOutlines
/ViewerPreferences << /HideToolbar false /HideMenubar false /HideWindowUI false /FitWindow false
/CenterWindow false >>
/OpenAction 2 1 R
>>
endobj
46 0 obj
<<
/Type /Page
/Parent 31 0 R
/Resources << /ColorSpace << /CS0 114 0 R /CS1 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS0 116 0 R /GS1 128 0 R >>
/Font << /T1_0 127 0 R /TT0 123 0 R /T1_1 126 0 R /TT1 120 0 R /TT2 117 0 R >>
/XObject << /Fm0 111 0 R /Fm1 108 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >>
/Contents 130 0 R
/MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ]
/Rotate 0
>>
endobj
108 0 obj
<< /Length 800 /Resources << /Font << /HeadingPaginationFont 110 0 R /FootingPaginationFont 109 0 R >> >>
/Type /XObject /Subtype /Form /BBox [ 0 0 1000 1000 ] /FormType 1
/Matrix [ 1 0 0 1 0 0 ] /Name /SPIPa1 >>
stream
1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 rg 1 w 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 RG 0 791 m 612 791 l 612 792 l 0 792 l 0 791 l B 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 rg 1 w 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 RG 0 0 m 612 0 l 612 2 l 0 2 l 0 0 l B BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /HeadingPaginationFont 14 Tf 53 746 Td 0 Tc (25.1) Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /HeadingPaginationFont 14 Tf 306 746 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /HeadingPaginationFont 14 Tf 559 746 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /FootingPaginationFont 9 Tf 53 34 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /FootingPaginationFont 9 Tf 306 34 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /FootingPaginationFont 9 Tf 559 34 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET
endstream
endobj
109 0 obj
<<
/Type /Font
/Name /FootingPaginationFont
/Subtype /Type1
/BaseFont /Times-Roman
>>
endobj
110 0 obj
<<
/Type /Font
/Name /HeadingPaginationFont
/Subtype /Type1
/BaseFont /Helvetica
>>
endobj
111 0 obj
<< /Length 799 /Resources << /Font << /HeadingPaginationFont 113 0 R /FootingPaginationFont 112 0 R >> >>
/Type /XObject /Subtype /Form /BBox [ 0 0 1000 1000 ] /FormType 1
/Matrix [ 1 0 0 1 0 0 ] /Name /SPIPa0 >>
stream
1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 rg 1 w 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 RG 0 791 m 612 791 l 612 792 l 0 792 l 0 791 l B 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 rg 1 w 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 RG 0 0 m 612 0 l 612 2 l 0 2 l 0 0 l B BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /HeadingPaginationFont 14 Tf 53 746 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /HeadingPaginationFont 14 Tf 306 746 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /HeadingPaginationFont 14 Tf 559 746 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /FootingPaginationFont 9 Tf 53 34 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /FootingPaginationFont 9 Tf 299 34 Td 0 Tc (396) Tj ET BT 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg 0.000 0.000 0.000 RG /FootingPaginationFont 9 Tf 559 34 Td 0 Tc () Tj ET
endstream
endobj
112 0 obj
<<
/Type /Font
/Name /FootingPaginationFont
/Subtype /Type1
/BaseFont /Times-Roman
>>
endobj
113 0 obj
<<
/Type /Font
/Name /HeadingPaginationFont
/Subtype /Type1
/BaseFont /Helvetica
>>
endobj
114 0 obj
[
/ICCBased 115 0 R
]
endobj
115 0 obj
<< /N 3 /Alternate /DeviceRGB /Length 2575 /Filter /FlateDecode >>
stream
HyTSwoɞc
[5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}088GNg9w߽ '0 ֠Jb
2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0-
@8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9
V)gB0iW8#8wթ8_٥ʨQQj@&A)/g>'K t;\
ӥ$պFZUn(4T%)뫔0C&Zi8bxEB;Pӓ̹Aom?W=
x- [ 0}y)7ta>jT7@tܛ`q2ʀ&6ZLĄ?_yxg)˔zçLU*uSkSeO4?c. R
߁-25 S>ӣVd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9 =-tl`;~p Gp| [`L`< "AYA+Cb(R, *T2B-
ꇆnQt}MA0alSx k&^>0|>_',G!"F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VĭKĻYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_(0J:EAiQ(()ӔWT6U@P+!~mDeԴ!hӦh/']B/ҏӿ?a0nhF!X8܌kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#ƒdV(kel
}}Cq9
N')].uJr
wG xR^[oƜchg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-ݖ,Y¬*6X[ݱF=3뭷Y~dó tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:˜O:ϸ8uJqnv=MmR 4
n3ܣkGݯz=[==<=GTB(/S,]6*-W:#7*e^YDY}UjAyT`#D="b{ų+ʯ:!kJ4Gmt}uC%K7YVfFY.=b?SƕƩȺy
چk5%4m7lqlioZlG+Zzmzy]?uuw|"űNwW&e֥ﺱ*|j5kyݭǯg^ykEklD_p߶7Dmo꿻1ml{Mś
nLl<9O [$h՛BdҞ@iءG&vVǥ8nRĩ7u\ЭD- u`ֲK³8%yhYѹJº;.!
zpg_XQKFAǿ=ȼ:ɹ8ʷ6˶5̵5͵6ζ7ϸ9к<Ѿ?DINU\dlvۀ܊ݖޢ)߯6DScs
2F[p(@Xr4Pm8Ww)Km
endstream
endobj
116 0 obj
<<
/Type /ExtGState
/SA false
/SM 0.02
/TR2 /Default
>>
endobj
117 0 obj
<<
/Type /Font
/Subtype /TrueType
/FirstChar 32
/LastChar 121
/Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 250 0 500 500 500 500 0 500 500 0 0
500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 611 0 667 722 611 611 722 0 333 0 0 556 833 667
722 611 0 611 500 556 722 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 444 500
444 278 500 500 278 0 444 278 722 500 500 500 0 389 389 278 500
444 667 444 444 ]
/Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding
/BaseFont /EBMOBE+TimesNewRoman,Italic
/FontDescriptor 118 0 R
>>
endobj
118 0 obj
<<
/Type /FontDescriptor
/Ascent 891
/CapHeight 656
/Descent -216
/Flags 98
/FontBBox [ -498 -307 1120 1023 ]
/FontName /EBMOBE+TimesNewRoman,Italic
/ItalicAngle -15
/StemV 83.31799
/XHeight 0
/FontFile2 119 0 R
>>
endobj
119 0 obj
<< /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 22434 /Length1 35080 >>
stream
H\VtW>oT7 "D* 4K&B ,i"* Vh:ZF
XJg(UVY3;fs{{PH3ODfbz`y쾜U(?4z@f-7Ȼ+806H̨s鋁z`̷yَ)G+J{3dUu8\'렼m'ݕu-=z,y!GqnZ)36Q]xT|Kky_ų?
t6 :sz tVF&s<"/`1qPTaE!V1h90"e
yE`l"<\@6SaB΅ـXBG
qԌ,B$
A!}A+$e"
o4*:bSyӻ`T!4{PPǟqzSg!&?FGI$A؉S8E}T1S]/#OFl pTr@](6=Ȍh^:뺦㑇x
eRwpoo4
}U7K0/lJ}3O:`z
ZE멂_x)B}AFo,)VµY'Jthapqpm^_6X*V{t8gr"EUw0*esY
qh፧aN#rrC*:.-l~FRg/jGԝEKh29(Jt}=wռ?;5K}r2#Dt|ho)fZ{||ku_tmzޭtSp&s&i%\5xSdİQ/;q߈-wL$1';D$ʤ*nYLim!'::I"55_1=gٗp$(c9_㍼?|*_|]T"^%?ɒjڦA]WO$7(а#Xb\3{H",^|KebaM&[?j*.Oz+R缟ޢӼޔN8'&`VI
Jr[y7V0